The article reviews the development and application of cancer cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CCM-NPs) as a promising anti-tumor bionic platform. CCM-NPs are constructed using biomimetic nanotechnology, leveraging the biological functions of cancer cell membranes to enhance drug delivery and tumor therapy. The review covers the preparation techniques, characterization methods, and applications of CCM-NPs in tumor therapy. Key functions of CCM-NPs include immune escape, homologous cell recognition, and antigen delivery to immature dendritic cells, which activate a downstream immune response. The article also discusses surface modifications of cancer cell membranes and recent patent applications related to CCM-NPs. Finally, it outlines future challenges and directions for this technology, providing guidance for researchers in the field.The article reviews the development and application of cancer cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CCM-NPs) as a promising anti-tumor bionic platform. CCM-NPs are constructed using biomimetic nanotechnology, leveraging the biological functions of cancer cell membranes to enhance drug delivery and tumor therapy. The review covers the preparation techniques, characterization methods, and applications of CCM-NPs in tumor therapy. Key functions of CCM-NPs include immune escape, homologous cell recognition, and antigen delivery to immature dendritic cells, which activate a downstream immune response. The article also discusses surface modifications of cancer cell membranes and recent patent applications related to CCM-NPs. Finally, it outlines future challenges and directions for this technology, providing guidance for researchers in the field.