The number of cancer survivors in the United States is increasing due to population growth, aging, and advances in early detection and treatment. The American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute estimate cancer prevalence using data from cancer registries, vital statistics, and population projections. As of January 1, 2019, over 16.9 million Americans had a history of cancer, projected to rise to over 22.1 million by 2030. The top cancers in 2019 were prostate, colon and rectum, and melanoma in males, and breast, uterine corpus, and colon and rectum in females. Over half of survivors were diagnosed within the past 10 years, and 64% were aged 65 or older. Cancer survivors have unique medical and psychosocial needs requiring follow-up care. Treatment patterns and survival rates vary by cancer type and stage. For example, breast cancer survivors often receive surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy, while colon and rectum cancer survivors may undergo colectomy or proctectomy. Melanoma survivors may receive surgery or immunotherapy. Lung cancer survivors often receive chemotherapy or targeted therapy, while prostate cancer survivors may undergo active surveillance or surgery. Testicular cancer survivors typically receive orchiectomy, and thyroid cancer survivors often undergo surgery. Many cancer survivors experience short-term and long-term health effects, including lymphedema, neuropathy, and sexual dysfunction. Overall, survival rates have improved for many cancers, but disparities exist based on race, age, and other factors. Continued research and evidence-based resources are needed to optimize care for cancer survivors.The number of cancer survivors in the United States is increasing due to population growth, aging, and advances in early detection and treatment. The American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute estimate cancer prevalence using data from cancer registries, vital statistics, and population projections. As of January 1, 2019, over 16.9 million Americans had a history of cancer, projected to rise to over 22.1 million by 2030. The top cancers in 2019 were prostate, colon and rectum, and melanoma in males, and breast, uterine corpus, and colon and rectum in females. Over half of survivors were diagnosed within the past 10 years, and 64% were aged 65 or older. Cancer survivors have unique medical and psychosocial needs requiring follow-up care. Treatment patterns and survival rates vary by cancer type and stage. For example, breast cancer survivors often receive surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy, while colon and rectum cancer survivors may undergo colectomy or proctectomy. Melanoma survivors may receive surgery or immunotherapy. Lung cancer survivors often receive chemotherapy or targeted therapy, while prostate cancer survivors may undergo active surveillance or surgery. Testicular cancer survivors typically receive orchiectomy, and thyroid cancer survivors often undergo surgery. Many cancer survivors experience short-term and long-term health effects, including lymphedema, neuropathy, and sexual dysfunction. Overall, survival rates have improved for many cancers, but disparities exist based on race, age, and other factors. Continued research and evidence-based resources are needed to optimize care for cancer survivors.