The global demand for hydrogen is projected to increase significantly by 2030, necessitating efficient and sustainable production methods. Methane decomposition is a promising approach for hydrogen production, coupled with the synthesis of valuable carbon nanomaterials. This review focuses on catalytic methane decomposition, exploring catalyst development, deactivation, reactivation, regeneration, and economic considerations. Catalysts include mono-, bi-, and trimetallic compounds and carbon-based materials. Deactivation is primarily caused by coke deposition, and catalyst regeneration techniques are crucial for maintaining activity. Despite advancements, industrialization remains in its early stages. The review highlights the potential of catalytic methane decomposition as a sustainable and cost-effective method for hydrogen production, emphasizing the need for further research to address challenges such as catalyst deactivation and regeneration.The global demand for hydrogen is projected to increase significantly by 2030, necessitating efficient and sustainable production methods. Methane decomposition is a promising approach for hydrogen production, coupled with the synthesis of valuable carbon nanomaterials. This review focuses on catalytic methane decomposition, exploring catalyst development, deactivation, reactivation, regeneration, and economic considerations. Catalysts include mono-, bi-, and trimetallic compounds and carbon-based materials. Deactivation is primarily caused by coke deposition, and catalyst regeneration techniques are crucial for maintaining activity. Despite advancements, industrialization remains in its early stages. The review highlights the potential of catalytic methane decomposition as a sustainable and cost-effective method for hydrogen production, emphasizing the need for further research to address challenges such as catalyst deactivation and regeneration.