This supplementary appendix provides additional information about the study on cardiovascular disease, drug therapy, and mortality in COVID-19 patients. It includes supplementary figures and tables that elaborate on the main findings. Figure S1 shows the association between age and mortality, with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) presented. The CIs are not adjusted for multiple testing and should not be used to infer definitive effects. Table S1 provides details on the study sample by continent, country, and number of hospitals. Table S2 summarizes data by continent, while Table S3 presents summary data for high-income countries (HIC) and low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Tables S4 through S6 present multivariable logistic regression analyses by continent, age- and sex-adjusted models, and tipping point analyses for unmeasured confounders. Table S7 discusses the tipping point analysis for unmeasured confounders, showing that a hypothetical unobserved binary confounder with a prevalence of 10% would need an odds ratio of 10 to tip the analysis to non-significance. Similarly, a 50% prevalence would require an odds ratio of 3. The study notes that such confounders are unlikely in the present study. Table S8 presents subgroup analyses for patients with hypertension and hyperlipidemia, evaluating the association between ACE inhibitors and mortality in patients with hypertension, and between statins and mortality in patients with hyperlipidemia. Logistic regression analyses were adjusted for age and sex, and the findings were consistent with the overall study results. The study highlights the protective effects of ACE inhibitors and statins in COVID-19 patients, with ORs of 0.33 (0.20, 0.54) and 0.35 (0.24, 0.52), respectively. The analysis also addresses potential unmeasured confounders and their impact on the results.This supplementary appendix provides additional information about the study on cardiovascular disease, drug therapy, and mortality in COVID-19 patients. It includes supplementary figures and tables that elaborate on the main findings. Figure S1 shows the association between age and mortality, with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) presented. The CIs are not adjusted for multiple testing and should not be used to infer definitive effects. Table S1 provides details on the study sample by continent, country, and number of hospitals. Table S2 summarizes data by continent, while Table S3 presents summary data for high-income countries (HIC) and low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Tables S4 through S6 present multivariable logistic regression analyses by continent, age- and sex-adjusted models, and tipping point analyses for unmeasured confounders. Table S7 discusses the tipping point analysis for unmeasured confounders, showing that a hypothetical unobserved binary confounder with a prevalence of 10% would need an odds ratio of 10 to tip the analysis to non-significance. Similarly, a 50% prevalence would require an odds ratio of 3. The study notes that such confounders are unlikely in the present study. Table S8 presents subgroup analyses for patients with hypertension and hyperlipidemia, evaluating the association between ACE inhibitors and mortality in patients with hypertension, and between statins and mortality in patients with hyperlipidemia. Logistic regression analyses were adjusted for age and sex, and the findings were consistent with the overall study results. The study highlights the protective effects of ACE inhibitors and statins in COVID-19 patients, with ORs of 0.33 (0.20, 0.54) and 0.35 (0.24, 0.52), respectively. The analysis also addresses potential unmeasured confounders and their impact on the results.