The article "Causes, functions, and therapeutic possibilities of RNA secondary structure ensembles and alternative states" by Ritwika Bose, Irfana Saleem, and Anthony Mustoe provides a comprehensive review of the roles of RNA secondary structural ensembles and alternative states in regulating RNA function. RNA molecules can fold into multiple, alternatively paired states, and these structural variations are crucial for various cellular processes. The authors discuss how these structural ensembles are influenced by cellular processes such as transcription, splicing, and translation, and how they contribute to the regulation of RNA life cycles, from transcription to degradation. They also explore how dysregulation of RNA structural ensembles can lead to human diseases and highlight the potential of targeting these alternative states for therapeutic intervention. The review emphasizes the importance of understanding RNA structural ensembles to advance the field of RNA biology and develop new therapeutic strategies.The article "Causes, functions, and therapeutic possibilities of RNA secondary structure ensembles and alternative states" by Ritwika Bose, Irfana Saleem, and Anthony Mustoe provides a comprehensive review of the roles of RNA secondary structural ensembles and alternative states in regulating RNA function. RNA molecules can fold into multiple, alternatively paired states, and these structural variations are crucial for various cellular processes. The authors discuss how these structural ensembles are influenced by cellular processes such as transcription, splicing, and translation, and how they contribute to the regulation of RNA life cycles, from transcription to degradation. They also explore how dysregulation of RNA structural ensembles can lead to human diseases and highlight the potential of targeting these alternative states for therapeutic intervention. The review emphasizes the importance of understanding RNA structural ensembles to advance the field of RNA biology and develop new therapeutic strategies.