This review article explores the therapeutic mechanisms and applications of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂ NPs) in wound care. Skin wounds are complex and often challenging to heal, leading to significant health and socioeconomic burdens. CeO₂ NPs, known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and angiogenic properties, have emerged as promising materials for enhancing wound healing. The article discusses the physicochemical properties of CeO₂ NPs, their synthesis methods, and the mechanisms by which they promote wound healing. These mechanisms include reducing inflammation, scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibiting bacterial growth, and promoting angiogenesis. The review also examines the potential of CeO₂ NPs in combination with other biomaterials, such as hydrogels and microRNA, to improve wound healing outcomes. Despite their promising potential, the toxicity and safety of CeO₂ NPs in vivo remain a critical concern, and further research is needed to optimize their use in clinical settings. The article concludes by highlighting the challenges and future prospects of CeO₂ NPs in wound care, emphasizing the need for precise control over their properties and administration to ensure effective and safe therapeutic applications.This review article explores the therapeutic mechanisms and applications of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂ NPs) in wound care. Skin wounds are complex and often challenging to heal, leading to significant health and socioeconomic burdens. CeO₂ NPs, known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and angiogenic properties, have emerged as promising materials for enhancing wound healing. The article discusses the physicochemical properties of CeO₂ NPs, their synthesis methods, and the mechanisms by which they promote wound healing. These mechanisms include reducing inflammation, scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibiting bacterial growth, and promoting angiogenesis. The review also examines the potential of CeO₂ NPs in combination with other biomaterials, such as hydrogels and microRNA, to improve wound healing outcomes. Despite their promising potential, the toxicity and safety of CeO₂ NPs in vivo remain a critical concern, and further research is needed to optimize their use in clinical settings. The article concludes by highlighting the challenges and future prospects of CeO₂ NPs in wound care, emphasizing the need for precise control over their properties and administration to ensure effective and safe therapeutic applications.