This review article provides a comprehensive overview of chalcones, covering their sources, identification methods, properties, and applications in agriculture. Chalcones, characterized by their lack of a C ring in the flavonoid skeleton, are widely distributed in plants and exhibit a range of biological activities. The article highlights the environmental and health concerns associated with the overuse of synthetic pesticides, emphasizing the need for natural alternatives. Chalcones and their derivatives, with their herbicidal, fungicidal, bactericidal, and antiviral properties, are proposed as ideal candidates for sustainable agriculture. The review also discusses the detection methods for chalcones, including chromatography and MALDI technique, and provides updates on their applications in weed control, plant growth regulation, and pest management. Additionally, the article explores the structural modifications that enhance the biological activities of chalcones, making them effective in controlling weeds, fungi, viruses, and nematodes. The review concludes by emphasizing the ongoing research into the synthesis and development of chalcones, as well as the need for further studies to understand their mechanisms of action and environmental safety.This review article provides a comprehensive overview of chalcones, covering their sources, identification methods, properties, and applications in agriculture. Chalcones, characterized by their lack of a C ring in the flavonoid skeleton, are widely distributed in plants and exhibit a range of biological activities. The article highlights the environmental and health concerns associated with the overuse of synthetic pesticides, emphasizing the need for natural alternatives. Chalcones and their derivatives, with their herbicidal, fungicidal, bactericidal, and antiviral properties, are proposed as ideal candidates for sustainable agriculture. The review also discusses the detection methods for chalcones, including chromatography and MALDI technique, and provides updates on their applications in weed control, plant growth regulation, and pest management. Additionally, the article explores the structural modifications that enhance the biological activities of chalcones, making them effective in controlling weeds, fungi, viruses, and nematodes. The review concludes by emphasizing the ongoing research into the synthesis and development of chalcones, as well as the need for further studies to understand their mechanisms of action and environmental safety.