China is the world's largest emitter of carbon dioxide (CO₂), and its policies and commitments are crucial for global climate change mitigation. By 2020, China had reduced its carbon intensity by 48.4% compared to 2005 levels, achieving its Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) targets. However, challenges remain, including reaching peak CO₂ emissions before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. Key steps include increasing non-fossil energy shares, deploying negative-emission technologies, promoting regional low-carbon development, and establishing a nationwide 'green market'. Achieving these goals requires a combination of top-down socio-economic development plans and bottom-up economic incentives and technology development. China's rapid economic growth and urbanization have driven CO₂ emissions, with coal being the primary energy source. The country has implemented various policies to reduce emissions, such as energy and carbon intensity targets in the Five-Year Plans (FYPs). Despite progress, challenges persist, including the need to decouple economic growth from increasing CO₂ emissions and the implementation of effective policies like low-carbon pilot projects and carbon emission trading. The article assesses China's current status, achievements, and future prospects, highlighting the importance of regional disparities and the role of household and government consumption. It also discusses the necessity of coal phase-out, non-fossil energy development, negative-emission technologies, and the development of low-carbon cities and green markets.China is the world's largest emitter of carbon dioxide (CO₂), and its policies and commitments are crucial for global climate change mitigation. By 2020, China had reduced its carbon intensity by 48.4% compared to 2005 levels, achieving its Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) targets. However, challenges remain, including reaching peak CO₂ emissions before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. Key steps include increasing non-fossil energy shares, deploying negative-emission technologies, promoting regional low-carbon development, and establishing a nationwide 'green market'. Achieving these goals requires a combination of top-down socio-economic development plans and bottom-up economic incentives and technology development. China's rapid economic growth and urbanization have driven CO₂ emissions, with coal being the primary energy source. The country has implemented various policies to reduce emissions, such as energy and carbon intensity targets in the Five-Year Plans (FYPs). Despite progress, challenges persist, including the need to decouple economic growth from increasing CO₂ emissions and the implementation of effective policies like low-carbon pilot projects and carbon emission trading. The article assesses China's current status, achievements, and future prospects, highlighting the importance of regional disparities and the role of household and government consumption. It also discusses the necessity of coal phase-out, non-fossil energy development, negative-emission technologies, and the development of low-carbon cities and green markets.