The paper examines the challenges of the green transition for the Western Balkans, focusing on the need for sustainable economic growth, energy security, and environmental protection. The Western Balkan countries, aiming to join the EU, face significant challenges in transitioning to a low-carbon economy. Key issues include the need to reform the energy sector, which is heavily reliant on coal, and the development of renewable energy sources. The region has untapped potential in renewable energy and has made progress in improving energy efficiency. However, the circular economy could play a crucial role in the green transition, as the region has significantly lower resource productivity than the EU, while waste generation per GDP is comparable. The Green Agenda for the Western Balkans aims to support sustainable development, but implementation is hindered by weak regulatory and institutional capacities, lack of long-term planning, and inadequate inter-sectoral cooperation. The region also faces challenges related to corruption, lack of rule of law, and the need for alignment with EU standards. Despite these challenges, the green transition offers opportunities for economic recovery, sustainable agriculture, and improved quality of life. The paper emphasizes the need for coordinated governance, investment in renewable energy, and the development of a circular economy to achieve the goals of the Green Agenda.The paper examines the challenges of the green transition for the Western Balkans, focusing on the need for sustainable economic growth, energy security, and environmental protection. The Western Balkan countries, aiming to join the EU, face significant challenges in transitioning to a low-carbon economy. Key issues include the need to reform the energy sector, which is heavily reliant on coal, and the development of renewable energy sources. The region has untapped potential in renewable energy and has made progress in improving energy efficiency. However, the circular economy could play a crucial role in the green transition, as the region has significantly lower resource productivity than the EU, while waste generation per GDP is comparable. The Green Agenda for the Western Balkans aims to support sustainable development, but implementation is hindered by weak regulatory and institutional capacities, lack of long-term planning, and inadequate inter-sectoral cooperation. The region also faces challenges related to corruption, lack of rule of law, and the need for alignment with EU standards. Despite these challenges, the green transition offers opportunities for economic recovery, sustainable agriculture, and improved quality of life. The paper emphasizes the need for coordinated governance, investment in renewable energy, and the development of a circular economy to achieve the goals of the Green Agenda.