this paper provides a comprehensive review of natural fiber polymer composites, focusing on their characterization and properties. the increasing demand for eco-friendly materials has led to the development of composites made from natural fibers and polymer matrices. these composites offer an alternative to environmentally harmful synthetic materials, helping to reduce pollution. they are also cost-effective, have good mechanical properties, and require low energy for production. the use of these materials in construction can improve sustainability by reducing construction waste. the paper first discusses various fabrication techniques used to produce these composites and then presents a detailed review of research on their structure and properties, analyzed through various characterization techniques such as xrd, ftir, and sem. the study highlights the potential of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites as a sustainable alternative to traditional materials. the review emphasizes the importance of understanding the structure-property relationships of these materials to optimize their performance and application. the paper also discusses the challenges associated with the use of natural fibers, such as variability in fiber properties and the need for proper surface treatment to enhance adhesion with the polymer matrix. overall, the review underscores the significance of natural fiber polymer composites in promoting sustainable development and reducing environmental impact. the findings suggest that further research is needed to improve the mechanical properties and durability of these composites for broader applications.this paper provides a comprehensive review of natural fiber polymer composites, focusing on their characterization and properties. the increasing demand for eco-friendly materials has led to the development of composites made from natural fibers and polymer matrices. these composites offer an alternative to environmentally harmful synthetic materials, helping to reduce pollution. they are also cost-effective, have good mechanical properties, and require low energy for production. the use of these materials in construction can improve sustainability by reducing construction waste. the paper first discusses various fabrication techniques used to produce these composites and then presents a detailed review of research on their structure and properties, analyzed through various characterization techniques such as xrd, ftir, and sem. the study highlights the potential of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites as a sustainable alternative to traditional materials. the review emphasizes the importance of understanding the structure-property relationships of these materials to optimize their performance and application. the paper also discusses the challenges associated with the use of natural fibers, such as variability in fiber properties and the need for proper surface treatment to enhance adhesion with the polymer matrix. overall, the review underscores the significance of natural fiber polymer composites in promoting sustainable development and reducing environmental impact. the findings suggest that further research is needed to improve the mechanical properties and durability of these composites for broader applications.