The article reviews recent advancements in chemical strategies for the detection and elimination of senescent cells, which are cells that have irreversibly stopped dividing and can contribute to various physiological and pathological processes. The authors highlight the challenges in targeting senescent cells due to their complex phenotype and the need for specific detection methods. They describe the development of new chemical probes, nanoparticles, and prodrugs that exploit the overexpression of biomarkers such as β-galactosidase and lipofuscin in senescent cells. These probes and nanoparticles are designed to enhance tissue penetration, renal clearance, and selectivity, reducing off-target effects and toxicities. The article also discusses the use of β-galactosidase-sensitive gated nanoparticles loaded with cytotoxic or senolytic agents, as well as prodrugs like NavGa, which improve the efficacy and safety of current senolytic drugs. The authors present in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrating the effectiveness of these strategies in models of cancer, fibrosis, aging, and drug-induced cardiotoxicity. The overall goal is to develop more specific and sophisticated tools for the detection and treatment of senescence-associated diseases, contributing to a deeper understanding of this field and inspiring future research.The article reviews recent advancements in chemical strategies for the detection and elimination of senescent cells, which are cells that have irreversibly stopped dividing and can contribute to various physiological and pathological processes. The authors highlight the challenges in targeting senescent cells due to their complex phenotype and the need for specific detection methods. They describe the development of new chemical probes, nanoparticles, and prodrugs that exploit the overexpression of biomarkers such as β-galactosidase and lipofuscin in senescent cells. These probes and nanoparticles are designed to enhance tissue penetration, renal clearance, and selectivity, reducing off-target effects and toxicities. The article also discusses the use of β-galactosidase-sensitive gated nanoparticles loaded with cytotoxic or senolytic agents, as well as prodrugs like NavGa, which improve the efficacy and safety of current senolytic drugs. The authors present in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrating the effectiveness of these strategies in models of cancer, fibrosis, aging, and drug-induced cardiotoxicity. The overall goal is to develop more specific and sophisticated tools for the detection and treatment of senescence-associated diseases, contributing to a deeper understanding of this field and inspiring future research.