This article presents a comprehensive dataset of China's CO₂ emissions from 1997 to 2015, compiled using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) emissions accounting method. China is the world's largest emitter of CO₂, accounting for 30% of global emissions. However, there is no official annual emission data for China, and estimates from different sources show significant discrepancies, with differences equivalent to the total emissions of the Russian Federation in 2011. The dataset includes energy-related emissions from 17 fossil fuels in 47 sectors and process-related emissions from cement production. It provides nationally and provincially detailed emission inventories, along with energy data for transparency and verification. The dataset is updated annually and can be accessed freely from the China Emission Accounts and Datasets (CEADs) website. The study highlights the rapid increase in China's CO₂ emissions due to economic growth and industrial expansion, with emissions peaking in 2013. The dataset addresses the lack of consistent and accurate emission data, providing a uniform format for emissions from different sectors and fossil fuels. The data includes both sectoral and reference approach emissions, with the reference approach using energy supply data to estimate emissions. The sectoral approach calculates emissions based on fossil fuel consumption in specific sectors, while the reference approach uses energy production and trade data. The two methods yield slightly different results, with the reference approach generally higher by 1-7%. The dataset also includes process-related emissions from cement production, which accounts for about 75% of China's total process-related emissions. The study addresses uncertainties in emission factors and fossil fuel data, using Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the range of possible emissions. The results show that uncertainties in emissions can range from -15% to +25% at a 97.5% confidence level. The dataset provides detailed information on emissions by sector and fossil fuel type, offering a more detailed and accurate picture of China's emissions than previous estimates. The study acknowledges limitations, including the use of national average emission factors for provinces and the need for more data on certain provinces and industrial processes. The dataset is intended to support further research and policy-making related to emissions reduction in China.This article presents a comprehensive dataset of China's CO₂ emissions from 1997 to 2015, compiled using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) emissions accounting method. China is the world's largest emitter of CO₂, accounting for 30% of global emissions. However, there is no official annual emission data for China, and estimates from different sources show significant discrepancies, with differences equivalent to the total emissions of the Russian Federation in 2011. The dataset includes energy-related emissions from 17 fossil fuels in 47 sectors and process-related emissions from cement production. It provides nationally and provincially detailed emission inventories, along with energy data for transparency and verification. The dataset is updated annually and can be accessed freely from the China Emission Accounts and Datasets (CEADs) website. The study highlights the rapid increase in China's CO₂ emissions due to economic growth and industrial expansion, with emissions peaking in 2013. The dataset addresses the lack of consistent and accurate emission data, providing a uniform format for emissions from different sectors and fossil fuels. The data includes both sectoral and reference approach emissions, with the reference approach using energy supply data to estimate emissions. The sectoral approach calculates emissions based on fossil fuel consumption in specific sectors, while the reference approach uses energy production and trade data. The two methods yield slightly different results, with the reference approach generally higher by 1-7%. The dataset also includes process-related emissions from cement production, which accounts for about 75% of China's total process-related emissions. The study addresses uncertainties in emission factors and fossil fuel data, using Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the range of possible emissions. The results show that uncertainties in emissions can range from -15% to +25% at a 97.5% confidence level. The dataset provides detailed information on emissions by sector and fossil fuel type, offering a more detailed and accurate picture of China's emissions than previous estimates. The study acknowledges limitations, including the use of national average emission factors for provinces and the need for more data on certain provinces and industrial processes. The dataset is intended to support further research and policy-making related to emissions reduction in China.