The study by Craig, Palomaki, and Haddow examines the association between cigarette smoking and serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in adults. By analyzing 54 published studies, the researchers found that smokers had significantly higher levels of cholesterol (3.0%), triglycerides (9.1%), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (10.4%), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.7%) compared to non-smokers. Conversely, smokers had lower levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (−5.7%) and apolipoprotein AI (−4.2%). The dose-response effect was significant for all variables, indicating a graded increase in risk with increasing cigarette consumption. The study suggests that the observed changes in serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations may contribute to at least 9% of the excess risk of coronary artery disease associated with smoking. The findings provide evidence for a causal relationship between cigarette smoke exposure and altered serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, which could be due to physiological or dietary changes induced by smoking.The study by Craig, Palomaki, and Haddow examines the association between cigarette smoking and serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in adults. By analyzing 54 published studies, the researchers found that smokers had significantly higher levels of cholesterol (3.0%), triglycerides (9.1%), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (10.4%), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.7%) compared to non-smokers. Conversely, smokers had lower levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (−5.7%) and apolipoprotein AI (−4.2%). The dose-response effect was significant for all variables, indicating a graded increase in risk with increasing cigarette consumption. The study suggests that the observed changes in serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations may contribute to at least 9% of the excess risk of coronary artery disease associated with smoking. The findings provide evidence for a causal relationship between cigarette smoke exposure and altered serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, which could be due to physiological or dietary changes induced by smoking.