This study investigates the impact of circuit training on the physiological conditions of wheelchair basketball players. The research involved 36 male athletes with spinal cord injuries, divided into an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG). The EG participated in a circuit training program, while the CG underwent aerobic upper-body exercise training. Anthropometric measurements and the 12-minute wheelchair propulsion distance test, which evaluates maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), were conducted at the start and end of the training period. The results showed a significant interaction between time and group for the 12-minute wheelchair propulsion distance, indicating notable improvements in the intervention group (p < 0.001). Conversely, no significant changes were observed in the control group. The findings suggest that incorporating circuit training into the daily training regimen can significantly enhance the cardiorespiratory fitness and musculoskeletal strength of wheelchair basketball players.This study investigates the impact of circuit training on the physiological conditions of wheelchair basketball players. The research involved 36 male athletes with spinal cord injuries, divided into an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG). The EG participated in a circuit training program, while the CG underwent aerobic upper-body exercise training. Anthropometric measurements and the 12-minute wheelchair propulsion distance test, which evaluates maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), were conducted at the start and end of the training period. The results showed a significant interaction between time and group for the 12-minute wheelchair propulsion distance, indicating notable improvements in the intervention group (p < 0.001). Conversely, no significant changes were observed in the control group. The findings suggest that incorporating circuit training into the daily training regimen can significantly enhance the cardiorespiratory fitness and musculoskeletal strength of wheelchair basketball players.