Circular polarization-resolved Raman optical activity (ROA) and its derivative, surface-enhanced Raman optical activity (SEROA), are advanced spectroscopic techniques that provide detailed information about chiral molecules and nanostructures. These methods enable the direct measurement of vibrational energy levels of chiral materials, offering insights into complex interactions and dynamic interfaces. ROA and SEROA are particularly valuable for detecting chiral biomolecules due to their high sensitivity and ability to distinguish between enantiomers. SEROA enhances ROA signals through plasmonic effects, allowing for the detection of small molecules at very low concentrations. The techniques have applications in biotechnology, medicine, and materials science, where chiral structures are prevalent. ROA and SEROA differ from traditional Raman and chiral spectroscopies in their ability to provide information about vibrational states and chiral interactions. Recent advancements in chiral nanostructures and plasmonic materials have significantly improved the sensitivity and resolution of these techniques. Future developments in chiral plasmonic nanostructures and advanced fabrication methods are expected to further enhance the capabilities of ROA and SEROA for chiral sensing and analysis.Circular polarization-resolved Raman optical activity (ROA) and its derivative, surface-enhanced Raman optical activity (SEROA), are advanced spectroscopic techniques that provide detailed information about chiral molecules and nanostructures. These methods enable the direct measurement of vibrational energy levels of chiral materials, offering insights into complex interactions and dynamic interfaces. ROA and SEROA are particularly valuable for detecting chiral biomolecules due to their high sensitivity and ability to distinguish between enantiomers. SEROA enhances ROA signals through plasmonic effects, allowing for the detection of small molecules at very low concentrations. The techniques have applications in biotechnology, medicine, and materials science, where chiral structures are prevalent. ROA and SEROA differ from traditional Raman and chiral spectroscopies in their ability to provide information about vibrational states and chiral interactions. Recent advancements in chiral nanostructures and plasmonic materials have significantly improved the sensitivity and resolution of these techniques. Future developments in chiral plasmonic nanostructures and advanced fabrication methods are expected to further enhance the capabilities of ROA and SEROA for chiral sensing and analysis.