Classical, quantum and total correlations

Classical, quantum and total correlations

8 May 2001 | L. Henderson* and V. Vedral**
This paper discusses the problem of separating total correlations in a bipartite quantum state into a quantum and classical part. The authors propose a measure of classical correlations and investigate its properties. In quantum information theory, classical information is measured in bits, while quantum information is measured in qubits. Qubits require quantum channels for transmission, whereas classical bits can be sent via classical channels. The paper explores how to quantify the classical part of total correlations in a bipartite quantum state. In classical information theory, the Shannon entropy and mutual information are used to quantify information. In the quantum domain, the Von Neumann entropy and quantum mutual information are used. The mutual information measures total correlations between two subsystems. The relative entropy of entanglement is a measure of how distinguishable a quantum state is from a separable state. The authors propose a measure of classical correlations, $ C $, which satisfies four properties: it is zero for product states, invariant under local unitary transformations, non-increasing under local operations, and equal to the Von Neumann entropy for pure states. The measure is defined as the difference between the entropy of the subsystem and the entropy of the subsystem after a measurement on the other subsystem. The authors show that this measure satisfies the required properties and provide examples to illustrate its application. They also discuss the relationship between classical, entangled, and total correlations, and raise questions about their general properties. The paper concludes that the quantum mutual information may not be the best measure of total correlations, and that classical correlations may be super-additive while entangled correlations are sub-additive. The authors suggest that further research is needed to fully understand the relationships between these types of correlations.This paper discusses the problem of separating total correlations in a bipartite quantum state into a quantum and classical part. The authors propose a measure of classical correlations and investigate its properties. In quantum information theory, classical information is measured in bits, while quantum information is measured in qubits. Qubits require quantum channels for transmission, whereas classical bits can be sent via classical channels. The paper explores how to quantify the classical part of total correlations in a bipartite quantum state. In classical information theory, the Shannon entropy and mutual information are used to quantify information. In the quantum domain, the Von Neumann entropy and quantum mutual information are used. The mutual information measures total correlations between two subsystems. The relative entropy of entanglement is a measure of how distinguishable a quantum state is from a separable state. The authors propose a measure of classical correlations, $ C $, which satisfies four properties: it is zero for product states, invariant under local unitary transformations, non-increasing under local operations, and equal to the Von Neumann entropy for pure states. The measure is defined as the difference between the entropy of the subsystem and the entropy of the subsystem after a measurement on the other subsystem. The authors show that this measure satisfies the required properties and provide examples to illustrate its application. They also discuss the relationship between classical, entangled, and total correlations, and raise questions about their general properties. The paper concludes that the quantum mutual information may not be the best measure of total correlations, and that classical correlations may be super-additive while entangled correlations are sub-additive. The authors suggest that further research is needed to fully understand the relationships between these types of correlations.
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