The article provides a comprehensive review of triterpene esters in plants, focusing on their classification, biosynthesis, and biological functions. Triterpene esters are a class of secondary metabolites derived from triterpene skeletons through modifications such as oxidation, glycosylation, and acylation. These compounds play crucial roles in plant defense against pests, diseases, and environmental stress, as well as in regulating root microorganisms and plant growth. The authors classify triterpene esters into five categories based on their skeletons and identify fatty acids and aromatic moieties as common ligands. They also analyze the role of triterpene ester synthesis-related acyltransferases (TEsACTs) in the biosynthetic pathway, particularly focusing on BAHD acyltransferase (BAHD-AT) and serine carboxypeptidase-like acyltransferase (SCPL-AT) families. The study highlights the significance of C-3 oxidation in triterpene acylation and the importance of TEsACTs in the biosynthesis of triterpene esters. The review emphasizes the potential of triterpene esters in various applications, including agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, and underscores the need for further research to elucidate their biosynthetic pathways and biological functions.The article provides a comprehensive review of triterpene esters in plants, focusing on their classification, biosynthesis, and biological functions. Triterpene esters are a class of secondary metabolites derived from triterpene skeletons through modifications such as oxidation, glycosylation, and acylation. These compounds play crucial roles in plant defense against pests, diseases, and environmental stress, as well as in regulating root microorganisms and plant growth. The authors classify triterpene esters into five categories based on their skeletons and identify fatty acids and aromatic moieties as common ligands. They also analyze the role of triterpene ester synthesis-related acyltransferases (TEsACTs) in the biosynthetic pathway, particularly focusing on BAHD acyltransferase (BAHD-AT) and serine carboxypeptidase-like acyltransferase (SCPL-AT) families. The study highlights the significance of C-3 oxidation in triterpene acylation and the importance of TEsACTs in the biosynthesis of triterpene esters. The review emphasizes the potential of triterpene esters in various applications, including agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, and underscores the need for further research to elucidate their biosynthetic pathways and biological functions.