The article "Climate-smart soils" by Paustian et al. (2016) highlights the potential of soils to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and sequester carbon (C) through improved management practices. The authors emphasize that soils, which contain the largest terrestrial organic C pool, can significantly reduce GHG emissions and enhance soil fertility and biodiversity. Key practices include increasing organic matter inputs, reducing decomposition rates, adopting crop rotations, and using cover crops. The article also discusses the challenges in quantifying and monitoring GHG reductions, the role of technology and collaboration in advancing soil-based GHG mitigation, and the importance of strong science-based metrics for performance measurement. The global potential for soil GHG mitigation is estimated to be substantial, but effective implementation requires addressing economic, social, and policy constraints. The authors propose a comprehensive approach that includes research, technology development, and engagement with land users to promote climate-smart soil management.The article "Climate-smart soils" by Paustian et al. (2016) highlights the potential of soils to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and sequester carbon (C) through improved management practices. The authors emphasize that soils, which contain the largest terrestrial organic C pool, can significantly reduce GHG emissions and enhance soil fertility and biodiversity. Key practices include increasing organic matter inputs, reducing decomposition rates, adopting crop rotations, and using cover crops. The article also discusses the challenges in quantifying and monitoring GHG reductions, the role of technology and collaboration in advancing soil-based GHG mitigation, and the importance of strong science-based metrics for performance measurement. The global potential for soil GHG mitigation is estimated to be substantial, but effective implementation requires addressing economic, social, and policy constraints. The authors propose a comprehensive approach that includes research, technology development, and engagement with land users to promote climate-smart soil management.