The IPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS) outlines the potential of CCS as a key technology for mitigating climate change. CCS involves capturing CO₂ from industrial and energy sources, transporting it, and storing it in geological formations, the ocean, or mineral carbonates. It is considered a critical component of a portfolio of mitigation strategies alongside energy efficiency, renewable energy, and nuclear power. CCS can reduce overall mitigation costs and increase flexibility in achieving emission reductions. However, its widespread application depends on technical maturity, costs, regulatory aspects, and public perception. CCS can be applied to large point sources such as fossil fuel plants and industrial facilities. The technology involves capturing CO₂, compressing it, and transporting it to storage sites. Storage options include geological formations, the ocean, and mineral carbonates. The effectiveness of CCS depends on the fraction of CO₂ captured, the efficiency of the process, and the long-term retention of stored CO₂. Current technology captures about 85–95% of CO₂, leading to a potential 80–90% reduction in emissions compared to plants without CCS. The current status of CCS technology includes post-combustion, pre-combustion, and oxyfuel combustion systems. Post-combustion capture is economically feasible in specific conditions, while pre-combustion is used in fertilizer and hydrogen production. Oxyfuel combustion is in the demonstration phase. CO₂ transport is primarily via pipelines, with shipping and rail as alternatives for smaller volumes. Storage in geological formations is proven but not yet viable for unminable coal beds. The geographical relationship between CO₂ sources and storage sites is significant, with many sources near suitable geological formations. However, detailed regional assessments are needed to improve understanding. The costs of CCS vary, with capture being the largest component. Costs are influenced by fuel prices, technology, and location. The economic potential of CCS is influenced by factors such as oil prices and the benefits of enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The report highlights the need for further research and development to advance CCS technology, address environmental and safety concerns, and ensure long-term storage security. While CCS has the potential to significantly reduce emissions, its implementation requires addressing technical, economic, and regulatory challenges.The IPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS) outlines the potential of CCS as a key technology for mitigating climate change. CCS involves capturing CO₂ from industrial and energy sources, transporting it, and storing it in geological formations, the ocean, or mineral carbonates. It is considered a critical component of a portfolio of mitigation strategies alongside energy efficiency, renewable energy, and nuclear power. CCS can reduce overall mitigation costs and increase flexibility in achieving emission reductions. However, its widespread application depends on technical maturity, costs, regulatory aspects, and public perception. CCS can be applied to large point sources such as fossil fuel plants and industrial facilities. The technology involves capturing CO₂, compressing it, and transporting it to storage sites. Storage options include geological formations, the ocean, and mineral carbonates. The effectiveness of CCS depends on the fraction of CO₂ captured, the efficiency of the process, and the long-term retention of stored CO₂. Current technology captures about 85–95% of CO₂, leading to a potential 80–90% reduction in emissions compared to plants without CCS. The current status of CCS technology includes post-combustion, pre-combustion, and oxyfuel combustion systems. Post-combustion capture is economically feasible in specific conditions, while pre-combustion is used in fertilizer and hydrogen production. Oxyfuel combustion is in the demonstration phase. CO₂ transport is primarily via pipelines, with shipping and rail as alternatives for smaller volumes. Storage in geological formations is proven but not yet viable for unminable coal beds. The geographical relationship between CO₂ sources and storage sites is significant, with many sources near suitable geological formations. However, detailed regional assessments are needed to improve understanding. The costs of CCS vary, with capture being the largest component. Costs are influenced by fuel prices, technology, and location. The economic potential of CCS is influenced by factors such as oil prices and the benefits of enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The report highlights the need for further research and development to advance CCS technology, address environmental and safety concerns, and ensure long-term storage security. While CCS has the potential to significantly reduce emissions, its implementation requires addressing technical, economic, and regulatory challenges.