This study investigates how climate change affects extreme precipitation and flood intensities, particularly in relation to water availability. The hydrological cycle is expected to intensify with global warming, increasing the intensity of extreme precipitation events and flood risks. However, these changes often differ from theoretical expectations, especially in water-limited areas. The research quantifies the relationship between extreme precipitation and flood intensities and spatial and seasonal water availability. Results show that extreme precipitation and flood events intensify across all climate regions, with the effect becoming stronger as water availability increases from dry to wet regions. Similarly, the intensification of extreme precipitation and flood events is linked to the seasonal cycle of water availability. The study uses climate models and flood simulations to analyze changes in extreme precipitation and flood intensities under different climate scenarios. It finds that extreme precipitation increases with global warming, particularly in humid regions, while flood intensity also increases in most areas. However, in snow-dominated regions and areas with decreasing precipitation, flood intensity may decrease. The study highlights the importance of water availability in determining the impact of climate change on extreme events, emphasizing the need for future climate change assessments to consider both the capacity of the atmosphere to hold water and the actual availability of water in the environment. The research also shows that the relationship between extreme precipitation and flood changes and water availability becomes stronger as events become less extreme. The study underscores the need for large multi-model ensembles in drier regions to accurately assess climate change impacts on extreme events. Overall, the findings suggest that changes in extreme precipitation and flood intensities are significant and robust when aggregated across different climate regions, with water availability playing a crucial role in determining the magnitude of these changes.This study investigates how climate change affects extreme precipitation and flood intensities, particularly in relation to water availability. The hydrological cycle is expected to intensify with global warming, increasing the intensity of extreme precipitation events and flood risks. However, these changes often differ from theoretical expectations, especially in water-limited areas. The research quantifies the relationship between extreme precipitation and flood intensities and spatial and seasonal water availability. Results show that extreme precipitation and flood events intensify across all climate regions, with the effect becoming stronger as water availability increases from dry to wet regions. Similarly, the intensification of extreme precipitation and flood events is linked to the seasonal cycle of water availability. The study uses climate models and flood simulations to analyze changes in extreme precipitation and flood intensities under different climate scenarios. It finds that extreme precipitation increases with global warming, particularly in humid regions, while flood intensity also increases in most areas. However, in snow-dominated regions and areas with decreasing precipitation, flood intensity may decrease. The study highlights the importance of water availability in determining the impact of climate change on extreme events, emphasizing the need for future climate change assessments to consider both the capacity of the atmosphere to hold water and the actual availability of water in the environment. The research also shows that the relationship between extreme precipitation and flood changes and water availability becomes stronger as events become less extreme. The study underscores the need for large multi-model ensembles in drier regions to accurately assess climate change impacts on extreme events. Overall, the findings suggest that changes in extreme precipitation and flood intensities are significant and robust when aggregated across different climate regions, with water availability playing a crucial role in determining the magnitude of these changes.