Coherent Control of the Fine-Structure Qubit in a Single Alkaline-Earth Atom

Coherent Control of the Fine-Structure Qubit in a Single Alkaline-Earth Atom

March 14, 2024 | G. Unnikrishnan, P. Ilzhöfer, A. Scholz, C. Hözl, A. Götzelmann, R. K. Gupta, J. Zhao, J. Krauter, S. Weber, N. Makki, H. P. Büchler, T. Pfau, and F. Meinert
The authors report the first realization of a novel neutral atom qubit encoded in the spin-orbit coupled metastable states ${ }^{3} \mathrm{P}_{0}$ and ${ }^{3} \mathrm{P}_{2}$ of a single ${ }^{88} \mathrm{Sr}$ atom trapped in an optical tweezer. They demonstrate preparation, read-out, and coherent control of the qubit, achieving rapid single-qubit rotations and fast Rydberg-mediated two-body gates. The qubit states are coupled using a two-photon Raman transition via the intermediate $5 \mathrm{~s} 6 \mathrm{~s}{ }^{3} \mathrm{~S}_{1}$ state, with a gap of 17.419 THz. The authors measure the transverse qubit coherence time $T_{2}$ using Ramsey spectroscopy, achieving a value of 1.2 ms when the tweezer is tuned into magic trapping conditions. They identify the main constraints limiting the coherence time, including non-magic qubit trapping and finite temperature, and propose improvements for future experiments. The work opens new avenues for qubit encoding in neutral atoms for quantum computing.The authors report the first realization of a novel neutral atom qubit encoded in the spin-orbit coupled metastable states ${ }^{3} \mathrm{P}_{0}$ and ${ }^{3} \mathrm{P}_{2}$ of a single ${ }^{88} \mathrm{Sr}$ atom trapped in an optical tweezer. They demonstrate preparation, read-out, and coherent control of the qubit, achieving rapid single-qubit rotations and fast Rydberg-mediated two-body gates. The qubit states are coupled using a two-photon Raman transition via the intermediate $5 \mathrm{~s} 6 \mathrm{~s}{ }^{3} \mathrm{~S}_{1}$ state, with a gap of 17.419 THz. The authors measure the transverse qubit coherence time $T_{2}$ using Ramsey spectroscopy, achieving a value of 1.2 ms when the tweezer is tuned into magic trapping conditions. They identify the main constraints limiting the coherence time, including non-magic qubit trapping and finite temperature, and propose improvements for future experiments. The work opens new avenues for qubit encoding in neutral atoms for quantum computing.
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