Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming health systems, offering opportunities to make healthcare more resilient, sustainable, equitable, and patient-centered. However, AI also presents significant risks, including bias, privacy concerns, and potential harm to individuals and society. This paper outlines the current state of AI in health, the opportunities and risks it presents, and proposes practical actions for policymakers to advance responsible AI in health. The paper emphasizes the importance of trust, capacity building, evaluation, and collaboration in ensuring that AI is used responsibly and effectively. The paper highlights that AI can help address critical health challenges, such as improving diagnostic accuracy, accelerating drug discovery, and enhancing public health responses. However, the development and implementation of AI in health face several barriers, including lack of quality data, fragmented data infrastructure, misaligned policies, and insufficient standards. These barriers hinder the effective adoption and use of AI in health systems. To overcome these challenges, the paper proposes actions to improve trust in AI solutions, build capacity for responsible AI, evaluate and validate AI solutions, and accelerate collaboration across sectors and borders. These actions are essential to ensure that AI is used in a way that respects human rights, minimizes risks, and maximizes benefits for all. The OECD is committed to supporting collective action and co-learning to advance the responsible use of AI in health. The OECD has a long history of promoting responsible AI, including the publication of the OECD AI Principles, the OECD AI Policy Observatory, and the OECD AI Network of Experts. The OECD is also working with other international organizations, such as the WHO, to develop policy guidance and toolkits for a health-specific approach to AI. The paper concludes that collective action is essential to unlock the full potential of AI in health. By working together, countries can address the challenges of AI in health, ensure that AI is used responsibly, and achieve better health outcomes for all. The OECD is ready to support this collective effort by providing guidance, tools, and collaboration opportunities to help countries advance the responsible use of AI in health.Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming health systems, offering opportunities to make healthcare more resilient, sustainable, equitable, and patient-centered. However, AI also presents significant risks, including bias, privacy concerns, and potential harm to individuals and society. This paper outlines the current state of AI in health, the opportunities and risks it presents, and proposes practical actions for policymakers to advance responsible AI in health. The paper emphasizes the importance of trust, capacity building, evaluation, and collaboration in ensuring that AI is used responsibly and effectively. The paper highlights that AI can help address critical health challenges, such as improving diagnostic accuracy, accelerating drug discovery, and enhancing public health responses. However, the development and implementation of AI in health face several barriers, including lack of quality data, fragmented data infrastructure, misaligned policies, and insufficient standards. These barriers hinder the effective adoption and use of AI in health systems. To overcome these challenges, the paper proposes actions to improve trust in AI solutions, build capacity for responsible AI, evaluate and validate AI solutions, and accelerate collaboration across sectors and borders. These actions are essential to ensure that AI is used in a way that respects human rights, minimizes risks, and maximizes benefits for all. The OECD is committed to supporting collective action and co-learning to advance the responsible use of AI in health. The OECD has a long history of promoting responsible AI, including the publication of the OECD AI Principles, the OECD AI Policy Observatory, and the OECD AI Network of Experts. The OECD is also working with other international organizations, such as the WHO, to develop policy guidance and toolkits for a health-specific approach to AI. The paper concludes that collective action is essential to unlock the full potential of AI in health. By working together, countries can address the challenges of AI in health, ensure that AI is used responsibly, and achieve better health outcomes for all. The OECD is ready to support this collective effort by providing guidance, tools, and collaboration opportunities to help countries advance the responsible use of AI in health.