Colloidal chiral carbon dots (c-CDots) are emerging as a promising system for chiroptical applications. They inherit the properties of carbon dots (CDots) and exhibit chiral effects in optical, electric, and bio-properties. c-CDots have attracted significant interest from various research communities, including chemistry, physics, biology, and device engineering. This review discusses the chiroptical properties and chirality origin in extinction circular dichroism (ECD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) of c-CDots. It summarizes the synthetic strategies of c-CDots, including one-pot synthesis, post-functionalization of CDots with chiral ligands, and assembly of CDots into chiral architectures with soft chiral templates. The chiral effects on the applications of c-CDots are elaborated, covering areas such as drug delivery, bio- or chemical sensing, regulation of enzyme-like catalysis, and others. The review also provides perspectives on the challenges associated with synthetic strategies, understanding the origin of chirality, and potential applications. It highlights the latest developments of c-CDots and helps in understanding the structure-property relationship along with their respective applications. c-CDots have unique optical properties, good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and high stability, making them suitable for various applications. The synthesis of c-CDots involves methods such as hydrothermal synthesis, microwave-assisted methods, and electrolysis. The chirality of c-CDots can be induced through various strategies, including post-functionalization with chiral ligands, one-pot synthesis, and self-assembly with chiral soft templates. The chiral effects on the applications of c-CDots are significant, particularly in drug delivery, where Lc-CDots show better targeting ability than Dc-CDots. c-CDots also exhibit chiral effects in inhibiting protein aggregation, such as PrP and Aβ42. The review emphasizes the importance of understanding the chirality origin and structure-chiral property relationship in c-CDots for their potential applications in various fields.Colloidal chiral carbon dots (c-CDots) are emerging as a promising system for chiroptical applications. They inherit the properties of carbon dots (CDots) and exhibit chiral effects in optical, electric, and bio-properties. c-CDots have attracted significant interest from various research communities, including chemistry, physics, biology, and device engineering. This review discusses the chiroptical properties and chirality origin in extinction circular dichroism (ECD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) of c-CDots. It summarizes the synthetic strategies of c-CDots, including one-pot synthesis, post-functionalization of CDots with chiral ligands, and assembly of CDots into chiral architectures with soft chiral templates. The chiral effects on the applications of c-CDots are elaborated, covering areas such as drug delivery, bio- or chemical sensing, regulation of enzyme-like catalysis, and others. The review also provides perspectives on the challenges associated with synthetic strategies, understanding the origin of chirality, and potential applications. It highlights the latest developments of c-CDots and helps in understanding the structure-property relationship along with their respective applications. c-CDots have unique optical properties, good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and high stability, making them suitable for various applications. The synthesis of c-CDots involves methods such as hydrothermal synthesis, microwave-assisted methods, and electrolysis. The chirality of c-CDots can be induced through various strategies, including post-functionalization with chiral ligands, one-pot synthesis, and self-assembly with chiral soft templates. The chiral effects on the applications of c-CDots are significant, particularly in drug delivery, where Lc-CDots show better targeting ability than Dc-CDots. c-CDots also exhibit chiral effects in inhibiting protein aggregation, such as PrP and Aβ42. The review emphasizes the importance of understanding the chirality origin and structure-chiral property relationship in c-CDots for their potential applications in various fields.