2016 November 05 | Ernst J. Kuipers, William M. Grady, David Lieberman, Thomas Seufferlein, Joseph J. Sung, Petra G. Boelens, Cornelis J. H. van de Velde, and Toshiaki Watanabe
Colorectal cancer has become a significant health issue, accounting for approximately 10% of cancer-related mortality in Western countries. The rise in incidence is attributed to an aging population, poor dietary habits, smoking, low physical activity, and obesity. New treatments for primary and metastatic colorectal cancer, such as laparoscopic surgery, aggressive resection of metastases, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, have emerged but have had limited impact on cure rates and long-term survival. Screening programs have gained momentum due to the long preclinical stage of colorectal cancer and the availability of effective treatments for early detection and removal of polyps. The article provides an overview of the epidemiology, mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of colorectal cancer, emphasizing the importance of early detection and prevention.Colorectal cancer has become a significant health issue, accounting for approximately 10% of cancer-related mortality in Western countries. The rise in incidence is attributed to an aging population, poor dietary habits, smoking, low physical activity, and obesity. New treatments for primary and metastatic colorectal cancer, such as laparoscopic surgery, aggressive resection of metastases, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, have emerged but have had limited impact on cure rates and long-term survival. Screening programs have gained momentum due to the long preclinical stage of colorectal cancer and the availability of effective treatments for early detection and removal of polyps. The article provides an overview of the epidemiology, mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of colorectal cancer, emphasizing the importance of early detection and prevention.