The science of complexity seeks to understand the rules nature uses to assemble matter and energy into structures and patterns across scales. Natural language, with its ability to encode and transmit information, is a key example of such complexity. This review explores the application of complex systems theory to natural language, focusing on three main areas: word frequency and scaling, long-range correlations in texts, and network structures in language. It demonstrates that natural language exhibits features like long-range correlations, fractal structures, and power laws, similar to complex systems. The study also highlights the role of punctuation in shaping language's statistical properties and its impact on information transmission. The paper discusses how natural language can be analyzed using statistical mechanics, entropy, and network theory, revealing its hierarchical and multifractal nature. It emphasizes the importance of considering punctuation alongside words in linguistic analysis. The review also covers the relationship between language and brain function, the influence of language on thinking, and the computational approaches used in language processing. Overall, the study underscores the complexity of natural language and its relevance to understanding broader complex systems in nature.The science of complexity seeks to understand the rules nature uses to assemble matter and energy into structures and patterns across scales. Natural language, with its ability to encode and transmit information, is a key example of such complexity. This review explores the application of complex systems theory to natural language, focusing on three main areas: word frequency and scaling, long-range correlations in texts, and network structures in language. It demonstrates that natural language exhibits features like long-range correlations, fractal structures, and power laws, similar to complex systems. The study also highlights the role of punctuation in shaping language's statistical properties and its impact on information transmission. The paper discusses how natural language can be analyzed using statistical mechanics, entropy, and network theory, revealing its hierarchical and multifractal nature. It emphasizes the importance of considering punctuation alongside words in linguistic analysis. The review also covers the relationship between language and brain function, the influence of language on thinking, and the computational approaches used in language processing. Overall, the study underscores the complexity of natural language and its relevance to understanding broader complex systems in nature.