The paper "Complexity-Effective Superscalar Processors" by Subbarao Palacharla, Norman P. Jouppi, and J. E. Smith explores the trade-offs between hardware complexity and clock speed in superscalar processors. The authors define a generic superscalar pipeline and analyze specific areas such as register renaming, instruction window wakeup and selection logic, and operand bypassing. These components are modeled and simulated for feature sizes of 0.8μm, 0.35μm, and 0.18μm, with performance results expressed in terms of issue width and window size. The analysis indicates that window wakeup and selection logic, as well as operand bypass logic, are likely to be the most critical in the future. To address these complexities, the authors propose a new microarchitecture called "dependence-based," which simplifies the issue window logic by grouping dependent instructions into FIFO buffers. This approach reduces the delay of the window logic, allowing for a faster clock cycle while maintaining similar levels of parallelism. The proposed microarchitecture is evaluated using a timing simulator, and the results show that it achieves nearly the same performance as a typical window-based microarchitecture, with a maximum performance degradation of 8%. The paper also discusses the implications of reducing feature sizes on the delays of critical pipeline structures, highlighting that wire delays will become increasingly significant in future technologies. The authors conclude that the dependence-based microarchitecture can improve the clock period by significantly reducing the delay of the window logic, making it a promising approach for complexity-effective superscalar processors.The paper "Complexity-Effective Superscalar Processors" by Subbarao Palacharla, Norman P. Jouppi, and J. E. Smith explores the trade-offs between hardware complexity and clock speed in superscalar processors. The authors define a generic superscalar pipeline and analyze specific areas such as register renaming, instruction window wakeup and selection logic, and operand bypassing. These components are modeled and simulated for feature sizes of 0.8μm, 0.35μm, and 0.18μm, with performance results expressed in terms of issue width and window size. The analysis indicates that window wakeup and selection logic, as well as operand bypass logic, are likely to be the most critical in the future. To address these complexities, the authors propose a new microarchitecture called "dependence-based," which simplifies the issue window logic by grouping dependent instructions into FIFO buffers. This approach reduces the delay of the window logic, allowing for a faster clock cycle while maintaining similar levels of parallelism. The proposed microarchitecture is evaluated using a timing simulator, and the results show that it achieves nearly the same performance as a typical window-based microarchitecture, with a maximum performance degradation of 8%. The paper also discusses the implications of reducing feature sizes on the delays of critical pipeline structures, highlighting that wire delays will become increasingly significant in future technologies. The authors conclude that the dependence-based microarchitecture can improve the clock period by significantly reducing the delay of the window logic, making it a promising approach for complexity-effective superscalar processors.