This review article examines the role of geographic factors in the spread of COVID-19, focusing on how territorial, climatic, and socio-demographic variables influence the pandemic's geography. A total of 112 scientific articles were analyzed, covering a range of geographic and pandemic-related variables, including spatial and temporal units of analysis, methodologies, and main findings. The study found that geographic factors such as urbanization, elevation, latitude, longitude, and population density significantly influenced the spread of the virus. For instance, higher altitudes were associated with lower infection rates, while urban areas showed higher infection and death rates due to increased population density and mobility. Climatic factors, particularly temperature, were also found to have a significant impact, with lower temperatures correlating with higher infection rates. Additionally, socio-demographic factors such as age, population size, and economic stability were found to influence the pandemic's spread and severity. The study highlights the importance of considering geographic factors at different scales, as the significance of these factors can vary depending on the scale of analysis. The findings suggest that geographic factors play a crucial role in understanding the spread of the pandemic and can inform public health strategies.This review article examines the role of geographic factors in the spread of COVID-19, focusing on how territorial, climatic, and socio-demographic variables influence the pandemic's geography. A total of 112 scientific articles were analyzed, covering a range of geographic and pandemic-related variables, including spatial and temporal units of analysis, methodologies, and main findings. The study found that geographic factors such as urbanization, elevation, latitude, longitude, and population density significantly influenced the spread of the virus. For instance, higher altitudes were associated with lower infection rates, while urban areas showed higher infection and death rates due to increased population density and mobility. Climatic factors, particularly temperature, were also found to have a significant impact, with lower temperatures correlating with higher infection rates. Additionally, socio-demographic factors such as age, population size, and economic stability were found to influence the pandemic's spread and severity. The study highlights the importance of considering geographic factors at different scales, as the significance of these factors can vary depending on the scale of analysis. The findings suggest that geographic factors play a crucial role in understanding the spread of the pandemic and can inform public health strategies.