This review focuses on the development of conductive polymer hydrogels (CPHs) for wearable sensors, emphasizing the importance of supramolecular interactions in enhancing their performance. CPHs combine the high conductivity of conductive polymers (CPs) with the softness and mechanical flexibility of hydrogels, making them suitable for wearable applications. However, the inherent incompatibility between hydrophobic CPs and hydrophilic polymer networks often leads to poor bonding and reduced mechanical and electrical properties. To address this, supramolecular interactions such as hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, host-guest interactions, and coordination bonds are introduced to improve the stability and robustness of CPHs.
The review covers various strategies for incorporating supramolecular interactions into CPHs, including the use of natural polymers like sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to enhance the compatibility between CPs and hydrophilic polymers. It also discusses the fabrication methods and classification of supramolecular CPH sensors, highlighting their applications in motion monitoring, healthcare, and human-computer interaction systems. Additionally, the review addresses the challenges faced in the development of SCPH sensors and suggests future directions for advancements.
Key properties of SCPHs, such as conductivity, mechanical toughness, biocompatibility, self-healing, and resistance to swelling, are discussed in detail. The review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of SCPH research and offers valuable insights for designing high-performance and multifunctional CPHs for wearable sensor applications.This review focuses on the development of conductive polymer hydrogels (CPHs) for wearable sensors, emphasizing the importance of supramolecular interactions in enhancing their performance. CPHs combine the high conductivity of conductive polymers (CPs) with the softness and mechanical flexibility of hydrogels, making them suitable for wearable applications. However, the inherent incompatibility between hydrophobic CPs and hydrophilic polymer networks often leads to poor bonding and reduced mechanical and electrical properties. To address this, supramolecular interactions such as hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, host-guest interactions, and coordination bonds are introduced to improve the stability and robustness of CPHs.
The review covers various strategies for incorporating supramolecular interactions into CPHs, including the use of natural polymers like sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to enhance the compatibility between CPs and hydrophilic polymers. It also discusses the fabrication methods and classification of supramolecular CPH sensors, highlighting their applications in motion monitoring, healthcare, and human-computer interaction systems. Additionally, the review addresses the challenges faced in the development of SCPH sensors and suggests future directions for advancements.
Key properties of SCPHs, such as conductivity, mechanical toughness, biocompatibility, self-healing, and resistance to swelling, are discussed in detail. The review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of SCPH research and offers valuable insights for designing high-performance and multifunctional CPHs for wearable sensor applications.