Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is a rapid decline in hearing that requires urgent medical attention. It is defined as a hearing loss of 30 dB or more in three consecutive frequencies within three days. Although the exact cause is often unknown, factors such as viral infections, autoimmune diseases, and vascular issues may contribute. Systemic steroids are commonly used as first-line treatment due to their anti-inflammatory effects, but their effectiveness remains debated. Intratympanic steroids, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and other treatments are also considered. The prognosis depends on factors such as the patient's age, severity of hearing loss, presence of vertigo, and time to treatment. Early treatment is crucial for better outcomes, with the most significant recovery occurring within the first two weeks. However, about two-thirds of untreated patients may recover spontaneously within this period. Factors like diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia are associated with poorer prognosis. Recent studies suggest that artificial intelligence may help predict hearing recovery. In children and the elderly, the prognosis varies, with children often showing better recovery rates. Treatment options include systemic steroids, intratympanic steroids, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. While steroids are recommended, other treatments are not strongly supported by evidence. Prognostic factors include audiometric patterns, presence of vertigo, and blood markers. Overall, the management of SSNHL requires a multidisciplinary approach, with early intervention and individualized treatment plans being essential for optimal outcomes.Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is a rapid decline in hearing that requires urgent medical attention. It is defined as a hearing loss of 30 dB or more in three consecutive frequencies within three days. Although the exact cause is often unknown, factors such as viral infections, autoimmune diseases, and vascular issues may contribute. Systemic steroids are commonly used as first-line treatment due to their anti-inflammatory effects, but their effectiveness remains debated. Intratympanic steroids, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and other treatments are also considered. The prognosis depends on factors such as the patient's age, severity of hearing loss, presence of vertigo, and time to treatment. Early treatment is crucial for better outcomes, with the most significant recovery occurring within the first two weeks. However, about two-thirds of untreated patients may recover spontaneously within this period. Factors like diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia are associated with poorer prognosis. Recent studies suggest that artificial intelligence may help predict hearing recovery. In children and the elderly, the prognosis varies, with children often showing better recovery rates. Treatment options include systemic steroids, intratympanic steroids, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. While steroids are recommended, other treatments are not strongly supported by evidence. Prognostic factors include audiometric patterns, presence of vertigo, and blood markers. Overall, the management of SSNHL requires a multidisciplinary approach, with early intervention and individualized treatment plans being essential for optimal outcomes.