Content analysis is a highly flexible research method widely used in library and information science (LIS) studies, applicable to both qualitative and quantitative research frameworks. It involves a systematic and rigorous approach to analyzing documents obtained or generated during research. The method can be applied to various types of texts, including written documents, images, and audio, and can be used in isolation or in conjunction with other methods. The article outlines the basic steps in content analysis, distinguishing between quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative content analysis is deductive, focusing on testing hypotheses derived from existing theories and research questions. It involves hypothesis formulation, data collection, sampling, coding, and statistical analysis. The coding scheme is developed a priori and operationalizes concepts, ensuring validity and reliability through face validity, criterion validity, content validity, and construct validity. Qualitative content analysis, on the other hand, is inductive, focusing on understanding the context and unique aspects of the text. It involves formulating research questions, sampling, coding, and integrating analysis. The coding process is iterative, allowing for the emergence of new patterns and concepts. Qualitative analysis aims to create a comprehensive picture of the phenomenon under study, emphasizing transferability, credibility, dependability, and confirmability. The article also discusses the use of computer software to facilitate content analysis, highlighting its benefits in tasks such as data markup, coding, data manipulation, and statistical analysis. Finally, the article provides a list of selected LIS studies that have used content analysis and references to methodological resources for further exploration.Content analysis is a highly flexible research method widely used in library and information science (LIS) studies, applicable to both qualitative and quantitative research frameworks. It involves a systematic and rigorous approach to analyzing documents obtained or generated during research. The method can be applied to various types of texts, including written documents, images, and audio, and can be used in isolation or in conjunction with other methods. The article outlines the basic steps in content analysis, distinguishing between quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative content analysis is deductive, focusing on testing hypotheses derived from existing theories and research questions. It involves hypothesis formulation, data collection, sampling, coding, and statistical analysis. The coding scheme is developed a priori and operationalizes concepts, ensuring validity and reliability through face validity, criterion validity, content validity, and construct validity. Qualitative content analysis, on the other hand, is inductive, focusing on understanding the context and unique aspects of the text. It involves formulating research questions, sampling, coding, and integrating analysis. The coding process is iterative, allowing for the emergence of new patterns and concepts. Qualitative analysis aims to create a comprehensive picture of the phenomenon under study, emphasizing transferability, credibility, dependability, and confirmability. The article also discusses the use of computer software to facilitate content analysis, highlighting its benefits in tasks such as data markup, coding, data manipulation, and statistical analysis. Finally, the article provides a list of selected LIS studies that have used content analysis and references to methodological resources for further exploration.