This thesis, titled "Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance: An Empirical Analysis on EU’s Top Fifty Listed Companies," explores the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Financial Performance (FP) among the top fifty listed companies in the European Union (EU). The study aims to investigate whether CSR activities lead to financial benefits for these companies. The research employs both accounting-based and market-based measures to assess FP, using Return on Assets (ROA) and Earnings per Share (EPS) as dependent variables, respectively. Six control variables—risk, firm size, industry, R&D intensity, GRI, and assurance big 4—are also considered. The empirical analysis is conducted using data from companies that produce standalone CSR reports or sustainability reports, or publish sections in their annual reports. The results suggest a positive association between CSR and FP when using ROA as a measure, but no significant association when using EPS as a measure. The study contributes to the literature by providing insights into the relationship between CSR and FP for EU-listed companies and offers practical implications for stakeholders such as executives, managers, employees, regulators, and auditors.This thesis, titled "Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance: An Empirical Analysis on EU’s Top Fifty Listed Companies," explores the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Financial Performance (FP) among the top fifty listed companies in the European Union (EU). The study aims to investigate whether CSR activities lead to financial benefits for these companies. The research employs both accounting-based and market-based measures to assess FP, using Return on Assets (ROA) and Earnings per Share (EPS) as dependent variables, respectively. Six control variables—risk, firm size, industry, R&D intensity, GRI, and assurance big 4—are also considered. The empirical analysis is conducted using data from companies that produce standalone CSR reports or sustainability reports, or publish sections in their annual reports. The results suggest a positive association between CSR and FP when using ROA as a measure, but no significant association when using EPS as a measure. The study contributes to the literature by providing insights into the relationship between CSR and FP for EU-listed companies and offers practical implications for stakeholders such as executives, managers, employees, regulators, and auditors.