The article "Critical Thinking: What It Is and Why It Counts" by Peter A. Facione explores the importance of critical thinking in various contexts, from personal decision-making to societal issues. It begins by highlighting the dangers of trusting individuals who are gullible, uninformed, and unreflective, as exemplified by comedian George Carlin. The author argues that higher education should be seen as a public good, benefiting society as a whole, and that investing in critical thinking skills is crucial for making informed decisions and avoiding costly mistakes. The article then delves into the definition of critical thinking, suggesting that it involves good, logical, and rational thinking. It uses the example of defining "offensive violence" to illustrate the process of defining abstract concepts. The core critical thinking skills identified by experts include interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation, and self-regulation. These skills are essential for making sound judgments and solving problems effectively. The article also discusses the disposition toward critical thinking, emphasizing the importance of a critical spirit characterized by inquisitiveness, a keen mind, and a dedication to reason. It contrasts strong critical thinkers with weak ones, highlighting the need for a balanced approach that includes both cognitive skills and dispositions. Finally, the article touches on the integration of intuitive and reflective thinking systems, known as System 1 and System 2, respectively. System 1 is quick and holistic, while System 2 is more deliberate and reflective. Both systems are vital for decision-making, and educators aim to enhance critical thinking skills to improve System 2 reasoning. Overall, the article underscores the significance of critical thinking in various aspects of life and emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach that combines cognitive skills with a critical spirit and a commitment to seeking truth and fairness.The article "Critical Thinking: What It Is and Why It Counts" by Peter A. Facione explores the importance of critical thinking in various contexts, from personal decision-making to societal issues. It begins by highlighting the dangers of trusting individuals who are gullible, uninformed, and unreflective, as exemplified by comedian George Carlin. The author argues that higher education should be seen as a public good, benefiting society as a whole, and that investing in critical thinking skills is crucial for making informed decisions and avoiding costly mistakes. The article then delves into the definition of critical thinking, suggesting that it involves good, logical, and rational thinking. It uses the example of defining "offensive violence" to illustrate the process of defining abstract concepts. The core critical thinking skills identified by experts include interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation, and self-regulation. These skills are essential for making sound judgments and solving problems effectively. The article also discusses the disposition toward critical thinking, emphasizing the importance of a critical spirit characterized by inquisitiveness, a keen mind, and a dedication to reason. It contrasts strong critical thinkers with weak ones, highlighting the need for a balanced approach that includes both cognitive skills and dispositions. Finally, the article touches on the integration of intuitive and reflective thinking systems, known as System 1 and System 2, respectively. System 1 is quick and holistic, while System 2 is more deliberate and reflective. Both systems are vital for decision-making, and educators aim to enhance critical thinking skills to improve System 2 reasoning. Overall, the article underscores the significance of critical thinking in various aspects of life and emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach that combines cognitive skills with a critical spirit and a commitment to seeking truth and fairness.