Michael Cole's *Cultural Psychology: A Once and Future Discipline* is a comprehensive exploration of the field of cultural psychology, aiming to synthesize historical and cultural perspectives on human development. Cole argues for a "second psychology" that moves beyond traditional psychological views to focus on higher mental processes shaped by cultural contexts, such as language, myths, and social practices. The book traces the evolution of cultural psychology, from its prehistory to contemporary developments, and discusses the challenges and accomplishments of cross-cultural research. Cole emphasizes the importance of a cultural-historical approach, which integrates psychological, anthropological, and sociological perspectives. He also addresses methodological issues, such as the creation of model activity systems and the analysis of behavior in context. The book concludes with a discussion of the role of technology in learning and the complexities of the mind in cultural contexts. Overall, the book provides a deep understanding of the historical and cultural roots of developmental psychology and the potential for future research.Michael Cole's *Cultural Psychology: A Once and Future Discipline* is a comprehensive exploration of the field of cultural psychology, aiming to synthesize historical and cultural perspectives on human development. Cole argues for a "second psychology" that moves beyond traditional psychological views to focus on higher mental processes shaped by cultural contexts, such as language, myths, and social practices. The book traces the evolution of cultural psychology, from its prehistory to contemporary developments, and discusses the challenges and accomplishments of cross-cultural research. Cole emphasizes the importance of a cultural-historical approach, which integrates psychological, anthropological, and sociological perspectives. He also addresses methodological issues, such as the creation of model activity systems and the analysis of behavior in context. The book concludes with a discussion of the role of technology in learning and the complexities of the mind in cultural contexts. Overall, the book provides a deep understanding of the historical and cultural roots of developmental psychology and the potential for future research.