Culture and Social Support

Culture and Social Support

2008-09-01 | Kim, Heejung S; Sherman, David K; Taylor, Shelley E
The article explores cultural differences in the use of social support, focusing on Asians, Asian Americans, and European Americans. It highlights that Asians and Asian Americans are more reluctant to explicitly ask for support from close others due to concerns about negative relational consequences, such as losing face or disrupting group harmony. Instead, they tend to use and benefit from forms of support that do not involve explicit disclosure of personal stressful events. This cultural difference is attributed to collectivist values that emphasize interdependence and social harmony, as opposed to individualistic values that prioritize independence and self-expression. The study also examines the effectiveness of implicit versus explicit social support. Implicit support, which does not involve disclosure of personal problems, is more commonly used and beneficial among Asians and Asian Americans. In contrast, European Americans benefit more from explicit support, which involves direct communication and seeking help. The article provides evidence from both correlational and experimental studies, showing that cultural differences in social support use are influenced by relationship concerns, rather than the availability of unsolicited support or independence concerns. The findings have implications for intercultural interactions and the use of mental health services. Asians and Asian Americans may be less likely to seek professional help due to cultural norms that discourage disclosure and emphasize social harmony. This can lead to underutilization of mental health services and potentially worsen mental health outcomes. The article suggests that understanding these cultural differences is crucial for improving intercultural interactions and mental health care. The research also highlights the importance of considering cultural norms in the provision of social support. In collectivist cultures, implicit support is more commonly used, while in individualistic cultures, explicit support is more common. These differences can lead to mismatches in support provision, where the support given does not match the support needed. This can be particularly problematic in multicultural settings, where individuals from different cultural backgrounds may have different expectations regarding social support. The article concludes that cultural differences in social support use are influenced by cultural values and norms, and that understanding these differences is essential for promoting positive intercultural interactions and effective mental health care. The findings suggest that social support should be tailored to cultural contexts to maximize its effectiveness.The article explores cultural differences in the use of social support, focusing on Asians, Asian Americans, and European Americans. It highlights that Asians and Asian Americans are more reluctant to explicitly ask for support from close others due to concerns about negative relational consequences, such as losing face or disrupting group harmony. Instead, they tend to use and benefit from forms of support that do not involve explicit disclosure of personal stressful events. This cultural difference is attributed to collectivist values that emphasize interdependence and social harmony, as opposed to individualistic values that prioritize independence and self-expression. The study also examines the effectiveness of implicit versus explicit social support. Implicit support, which does not involve disclosure of personal problems, is more commonly used and beneficial among Asians and Asian Americans. In contrast, European Americans benefit more from explicit support, which involves direct communication and seeking help. The article provides evidence from both correlational and experimental studies, showing that cultural differences in social support use are influenced by relationship concerns, rather than the availability of unsolicited support or independence concerns. The findings have implications for intercultural interactions and the use of mental health services. Asians and Asian Americans may be less likely to seek professional help due to cultural norms that discourage disclosure and emphasize social harmony. This can lead to underutilization of mental health services and potentially worsen mental health outcomes. The article suggests that understanding these cultural differences is crucial for improving intercultural interactions and mental health care. The research also highlights the importance of considering cultural norms in the provision of social support. In collectivist cultures, implicit support is more commonly used, while in individualistic cultures, explicit support is more common. These differences can lead to mismatches in support provision, where the support given does not match the support needed. This can be particularly problematic in multicultural settings, where individuals from different cultural backgrounds may have different expectations regarding social support. The article concludes that cultural differences in social support use are influenced by cultural values and norms, and that understanding these differences is essential for promoting positive intercultural interactions and effective mental health care. The findings suggest that social support should be tailored to cultural contexts to maximize its effectiveness.
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