Curcumin, a natural compound derived from turmeric, has shown potential in mitigating age-related disorders through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This systematic review analyzed 15 clinical trials, highlighting curcumin's effects on cognitive function, neurodegeneration, and muscle health in older adults. Curcumin's mechanisms include reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, which are key factors in aging-related conditions. It modulates signaling pathways such as NF-κB, MAPK, and JAK/STAT, and enhances antioxidant enzymes like Nrf2 and HO-1. Curcumin also promotes neurogenesis, improves synaptic plasticity, and reduces apoptosis in neurons. Studies indicate that curcumin can alleviate symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and sarcopenia by inhibiting amyloid plaque formation and reducing neuroinflammation. Despite promising results, further research is needed to determine optimal dosages and formulations for therapeutic use. The review emphasizes curcumin's potential as a natural supplement for promoting healthy aging and preventing age-related diseases.Curcumin, a natural compound derived from turmeric, has shown potential in mitigating age-related disorders through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This systematic review analyzed 15 clinical trials, highlighting curcumin's effects on cognitive function, neurodegeneration, and muscle health in older adults. Curcumin's mechanisms include reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, which are key factors in aging-related conditions. It modulates signaling pathways such as NF-κB, MAPK, and JAK/STAT, and enhances antioxidant enzymes like Nrf2 and HO-1. Curcumin also promotes neurogenesis, improves synaptic plasticity, and reduces apoptosis in neurons. Studies indicate that curcumin can alleviate symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and sarcopenia by inhibiting amyloid plaque formation and reducing neuroinflammation. Despite promising results, further research is needed to determine optimal dosages and formulations for therapeutic use. The review emphasizes curcumin's potential as a natural supplement for promoting healthy aging and preventing age-related diseases.