This brief report provides an overview of current cancer epidemiology, drawing from the World Health Organization (WHO) and American Cancer Society (ACS) databases. Cancer is the leading cause of cause-specific Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) among all human diseases, with a 0–74 years risk of developing cancer at 20.2%. In 2018, 18 million new cancer cases were diagnosed, with lung, breast, and prostate cancers being the most frequent. The overall mortality rate from cancer is 10.6% between ages 0–74, with lung, liver, and stomach cancers being the most deadly. Lung and breast cancers are the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in men and women, respectively. Prostate and thyroid cancers have the best prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of about 100%, while esophageal, liver, and pancreatic cancers have the worst prognosis, typically <20% at 5 years. The report highlights the need for global efforts to improve cancer prevention, screening, diagnosis, and management, and discusses recent advancements in technologies such as liquid biopsy, personalized medicine, immunotherapy, and digital epidemiology.This brief report provides an overview of current cancer epidemiology, drawing from the World Health Organization (WHO) and American Cancer Society (ACS) databases. Cancer is the leading cause of cause-specific Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) among all human diseases, with a 0–74 years risk of developing cancer at 20.2%. In 2018, 18 million new cancer cases were diagnosed, with lung, breast, and prostate cancers being the most frequent. The overall mortality rate from cancer is 10.6% between ages 0–74, with lung, liver, and stomach cancers being the most deadly. Lung and breast cancers are the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in men and women, respectively. Prostate and thyroid cancers have the best prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of about 100%, while esophageal, liver, and pancreatic cancers have the worst prognosis, typically <20% at 5 years. The report highlights the need for global efforts to improve cancer prevention, screening, diagnosis, and management, and discusses recent advancements in technologies such as liquid biopsy, personalized medicine, immunotherapy, and digital epidemiology.