Leptospirosis, a globally significant zoonotic infection, affects over a million people annually and causes approximately 60,000 deaths. This mini-review explores effective treatment strategies, focusing on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and current therapeutic approaches. Antibiotic therapy, including recommendations for mild and severe cases, is highlighted, along with the role of probiotics in modulating gut microbiota. Novel treatment options, such as bacteriophages and newly synthesized/natural compounds, are also discussed. The review emphasizes the importance of continued research to enhance understanding and management of leptospirosis.Leptospirosis, a globally significant zoonotic infection, affects over a million people annually and causes approximately 60,000 deaths. This mini-review explores effective treatment strategies, focusing on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and current therapeutic approaches. Antibiotic therapy, including recommendations for mild and severe cases, is highlighted, along with the role of probiotics in modulating gut microbiota. Novel treatment options, such as bacteriophages and newly synthesized/natural compounds, are also discussed. The review emphasizes the importance of continued research to enhance understanding and management of leptospirosis.