Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer, with incidence rates projected to increase due to rising exposures to risk factors such as ultraviolet radiation and immunosuppression. Surgical excision remains the primary treatment for low-risk cSCC, while high-risk cases require more complex management. This article provides an updated review of cSCC, focusing on pathogenesis, molecular markers, histologic subtypes, diagnosis, and management. Key topics include the role of genetic and environmental factors in disease progression, the importance of risk stratification, and the latest advancements in treatment options, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, EGFR inhibitors, and chemoprevention strategies. The article also highlights the need for multidisciplinary approaches in managing complex cases and the ongoing research in this field.Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer, with incidence rates projected to increase due to rising exposures to risk factors such as ultraviolet radiation and immunosuppression. Surgical excision remains the primary treatment for low-risk cSCC, while high-risk cases require more complex management. This article provides an updated review of cSCC, focusing on pathogenesis, molecular markers, histologic subtypes, diagnosis, and management. Key topics include the role of genetic and environmental factors in disease progression, the importance of risk stratification, and the latest advancements in treatment options, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, EGFR inhibitors, and chemoprevention strategies. The article also highlights the need for multidisciplinary approaches in managing complex cases and the ongoing research in this field.