AALBORG UNIVERSITY, DENMARK, published a review of DC microgrids (MGs) in the IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. The paper discusses power architectures, applications, and standardization issues of DC MGs. It highlights the increasing interest in DC distribution due to its higher reliability, efficiency, and compatibility with renewable energy sources (RESs), electronic loads, and energy storage systems (ESSs). DC MGs are classified as a new technology, but they are based on existing research fields such as traditional DC applications and AC MGs. The paper reviews various DC MG topologies, including single-bus, multi-bus, and reconfigurable systems, and discusses their advantages and challenges. It also addresses protection and grounding issues in DC MGs, noting that arc extinction is a major challenge due to the absence of zero current crossing. The paper emphasizes the need for standardized voltage levels, installation design, and instrumentation for wide-scale adoption of DC systems. It also discusses the integration of DC MGs with AC grids, highlighting the importance of coordination between different components. The paper concludes with a summary of suitable control strategies and architectures for various DC MG applications, including high efficiency households, renewable energy parks, hybrid ESSs, and EV fast charging stations. The study provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of DC MG technology and its potential for future power systems.AALBORG UNIVERSITY, DENMARK, published a review of DC microgrids (MGs) in the IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. The paper discusses power architectures, applications, and standardization issues of DC MGs. It highlights the increasing interest in DC distribution due to its higher reliability, efficiency, and compatibility with renewable energy sources (RESs), electronic loads, and energy storage systems (ESSs). DC MGs are classified as a new technology, but they are based on existing research fields such as traditional DC applications and AC MGs. The paper reviews various DC MG topologies, including single-bus, multi-bus, and reconfigurable systems, and discusses their advantages and challenges. It also addresses protection and grounding issues in DC MGs, noting that arc extinction is a major challenge due to the absence of zero current crossing. The paper emphasizes the need for standardized voltage levels, installation design, and instrumentation for wide-scale adoption of DC systems. It also discusses the integration of DC MGs with AC grids, highlighting the importance of coordination between different components. The paper concludes with a summary of suitable control strategies and architectures for various DC MG applications, including high efficiency households, renewable energy parks, hybrid ESSs, and EV fast charging stations. The study provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of DC MG technology and its potential for future power systems.