Dark energy in light of recent DESI BAO and Hubble tension

Dark energy in light of recent DESI BAO and Hubble tension

20 Jun 2024 | Hao Wang and Yun-Song Piao
Recent DESI data suggests a 3σ evidence for an evolving dark energy (DE) model, challenging the standard ΛCDM model. However, the study finds that the ΛCDM model remains consistent with DESI data at less than 2σ, indicating that the evidence for evolving DE may not be conclusive. The research explores the impact of DESI data on the state equation parameters w₀ and wₐ of DE in cosmologies free of the Hubble tension. Using DESI BAO measurements combined with Planck CMB and Pantheon Plus datasets, the study performs a Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) analysis. The results show that the pre-recombination resolution of the Hubble tension suppresses the preference for evolving DE, making the ΛCDM model still consistent with recent DESI data. The study also finds that the Hubble constant H₀ is slightly higher than previous results without exacerbating the S₈ tension. The results suggest that the evidence against the cosmological constant (CC) may disappear when considering certain resolutions of the Hubble tension. The study also discusses the implications for early universe cosmology, noting that the scalar spectral index nₛ may shift towards 1 when considering early dark energy (EDE) resolutions. The study concludes that further data from DESI and Euclid may help clarify whether DE is evolving or not. The results highlight the importance of considering cosmological tensions when interpreting DE data.Recent DESI data suggests a 3σ evidence for an evolving dark energy (DE) model, challenging the standard ΛCDM model. However, the study finds that the ΛCDM model remains consistent with DESI data at less than 2σ, indicating that the evidence for evolving DE may not be conclusive. The research explores the impact of DESI data on the state equation parameters w₀ and wₐ of DE in cosmologies free of the Hubble tension. Using DESI BAO measurements combined with Planck CMB and Pantheon Plus datasets, the study performs a Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) analysis. The results show that the pre-recombination resolution of the Hubble tension suppresses the preference for evolving DE, making the ΛCDM model still consistent with recent DESI data. The study also finds that the Hubble constant H₀ is slightly higher than previous results without exacerbating the S₈ tension. The results suggest that the evidence against the cosmological constant (CC) may disappear when considering certain resolutions of the Hubble tension. The study also discusses the implications for early universe cosmology, noting that the scalar spectral index nₛ may shift towards 1 when considering early dark energy (EDE) resolutions. The study concludes that further data from DESI and Euclid may help clarify whether DE is evolving or not. The results highlight the importance of considering cosmological tensions when interpreting DE data.
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