DCTCP is a TCP-like protocol designed for data center networks to address performance issues caused by TCP's reliance on limited switch buffer space. In data centers, TCP struggles with high latency for short flows and high throughput for long flows due to buffer congestion. DCTCP leverages Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) to provide multi-bit feedback to end hosts, allowing it to operate with much less buffer space while maintaining high throughput. DCTCP also provides high burst tolerance and low latency for short flows, enabling applications to handle 10X more background traffic without impacting foreground traffic. DCTCP is implemented on commodity switches with shallow buffering, and it is designed to work with existing hardware, making it deployable in data centers. DCTCP is not intended for wide area networks, as data center environments have significantly different characteristics, such as low latency and high bandwidth. DCTCP addresses three key performance impairments in data centers: incast, queue buildup, and buffer pressure. It does this by maintaining low queue occupancies while ensuring high throughput for long flows. DCTCP's algorithm uses a simple marking scheme at switches and a control scheme at the sources to react to congestion. It achieves high burst tolerance, low latency, and high throughput by reacting to congestion in proportion to its extent. DCTCP has been evaluated at 1 and 10Gbps speeds on ECN-capable commodity switches, and it successfully supports 10X increases in application foreground and background traffic. DCTCP's performance is measured against TCP, and it shows better throughput and lower latency. DCTCP is designed to work in data centers with low statistical multiplexing and high bandwidth, and it is able to maintain low queue lengths while ensuring high throughput. DCTCP's parameters are chosen to optimize performance in data centers, and it is able to handle bursty traffic with low latency. DCTCP has been tested in various scenarios, including multi-hop environments, and it shows good performance in these environments. DCTCP is a promising solution for data center networks, as it addresses the performance issues caused by TCP's reliance on limited switch buffer space.DCTCP is a TCP-like protocol designed for data center networks to address performance issues caused by TCP's reliance on limited switch buffer space. In data centers, TCP struggles with high latency for short flows and high throughput for long flows due to buffer congestion. DCTCP leverages Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) to provide multi-bit feedback to end hosts, allowing it to operate with much less buffer space while maintaining high throughput. DCTCP also provides high burst tolerance and low latency for short flows, enabling applications to handle 10X more background traffic without impacting foreground traffic. DCTCP is implemented on commodity switches with shallow buffering, and it is designed to work with existing hardware, making it deployable in data centers. DCTCP is not intended for wide area networks, as data center environments have significantly different characteristics, such as low latency and high bandwidth. DCTCP addresses three key performance impairments in data centers: incast, queue buildup, and buffer pressure. It does this by maintaining low queue occupancies while ensuring high throughput for long flows. DCTCP's algorithm uses a simple marking scheme at switches and a control scheme at the sources to react to congestion. It achieves high burst tolerance, low latency, and high throughput by reacting to congestion in proportion to its extent. DCTCP has been evaluated at 1 and 10Gbps speeds on ECN-capable commodity switches, and it successfully supports 10X increases in application foreground and background traffic. DCTCP's performance is measured against TCP, and it shows better throughput and lower latency. DCTCP is designed to work in data centers with low statistical multiplexing and high bandwidth, and it is able to maintain low queue lengths while ensuring high throughput. DCTCP's parameters are chosen to optimize performance in data centers, and it is able to handle bursty traffic with low latency. DCTCP has been tested in various scenarios, including multi-hop environments, and it shows good performance in these environments. DCTCP is a promising solution for data center networks, as it addresses the performance issues caused by TCP's reliance on limited switch buffer space.