Dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever are significant arthropod-borne viral diseases, with approximately 50 million infections and 500,000 hospitalizations annually, primarily in Southeast Asia, the Pacific, and the Americas. The four serotypes of the dengue virus can cause illness, and a global strategy is needed to enhance surveillance, outbreak response, behavior change, and integrated vector management, complemented by early and accurate diagnosis. Antiviral drugs and vaccines under development could also contribute to dengue control. The review provides an update on the pathogenesis of dengue, diagnostic methods, and progress in vaccine development. Dengue viruses are transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and cause a range of clinical syndromes, from mild febrile illness to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). The severity of disease is influenced by age, immune status, and co-infection with multiple serotypes. Laboratory diagnosis includes virus isolation, serological testing, and nucleic acid amplification tests. Vector control remains crucial for reducing transmission, and new tools and strategies are being developed to improve diagnostics, clinical treatments, and vaccine development. The global threat of dengue highlights the need for better use of existing interventions and the development of new tools to scale up effective control measures.Dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever are significant arthropod-borne viral diseases, with approximately 50 million infections and 500,000 hospitalizations annually, primarily in Southeast Asia, the Pacific, and the Americas. The four serotypes of the dengue virus can cause illness, and a global strategy is needed to enhance surveillance, outbreak response, behavior change, and integrated vector management, complemented by early and accurate diagnosis. Antiviral drugs and vaccines under development could also contribute to dengue control. The review provides an update on the pathogenesis of dengue, diagnostic methods, and progress in vaccine development. Dengue viruses are transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and cause a range of clinical syndromes, from mild febrile illness to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). The severity of disease is influenced by age, immune status, and co-infection with multiple serotypes. Laboratory diagnosis includes virus isolation, serological testing, and nucleic acid amplification tests. Vector control remains crucial for reducing transmission, and new tools and strategies are being developed to improve diagnostics, clinical treatments, and vaccine development. The global threat of dengue highlights the need for better use of existing interventions and the development of new tools to scale up effective control measures.