This paper describes the development and psychometric evaluation of the PROMIS Pain Interference (PROMIS-PI) item bank. An initial candidate item pool of 644 items was developed based on existing instruments, patient interviews, and expert consultation. From this pool, a candidate item bank of 56 items was selected and responses were collected from large community and clinical samples. The responses were calibrated using Item Response Theory (IRT). A final 41-item bank was evaluated for IRT assumptions, model fit, differential item function (DIF), precision, and construct and concurrent validity. The results showed that the PROMIS-PI items had good fit to the IRT model, strong unidimensionality, and minimal DIF. The scores provided substantial information across levels of pain and discriminated among individuals with different numbers of chronic conditions, disabling conditions, levels of self-reported health, and pain intensity. The PROMIS-PI items constitute a psychometrically sound bank, with computerized adaptive testing and short forms available.This paper describes the development and psychometric evaluation of the PROMIS Pain Interference (PROMIS-PI) item bank. An initial candidate item pool of 644 items was developed based on existing instruments, patient interviews, and expert consultation. From this pool, a candidate item bank of 56 items was selected and responses were collected from large community and clinical samples. The responses were calibrated using Item Response Theory (IRT). A final 41-item bank was evaluated for IRT assumptions, model fit, differential item function (DIF), precision, and construct and concurrent validity. The results showed that the PROMIS-PI items had good fit to the IRT model, strong unidimensionality, and minimal DIF. The scores provided substantial information across levels of pain and discriminated among individuals with different numbers of chronic conditions, disabling conditions, levels of self-reported health, and pain intensity. The PROMIS-PI items constitute a psychometrically sound bank, with computerized adaptive testing and short forms available.