The review paper "Development on Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells: A Review" by Emmanuel A. Nyiekaa et al. discusses the advancements and challenges in the field of inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs). IPSCs have gained attention due to their stable performance, minimal hysteresis, and low-temperature manufacturing techniques, making them promising for renewable energy applications. The paper highlights the improvements in power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) from 3.8% in 2009 to over 25% after a decade. It details the latest developments in PCEs, including structural configurations, tandem solar cells, mixed cations and halides, film fabrication methods, charge transport material alterations, and additive and interface engineering materials. Key points include: 1. **Perovskite Configurations**: The paper discusses the evolution of perovskite configurations, emphasizing the shift from MAPbI3 to FA-based perovskites due to their superior thermal stability and broader absorption spectrum. 2. **Tandem Solar Cells**: The potential of IPSCs in tandem solar cells is explored, highlighting their ability to achieve efficiencies above 40% when combined with other materials like Cu(In,Ga)Se2 or silicon. 3. **Fabrication Techniques**: Various fabrication techniques such as vacuum deposition, two-step and one-step solution methods, and other scalable approaches are discussed, each with its advantages and challenges. 4. **Mixed-Cation Perovskites**: The use of mixed-cation perovskites, particularly those with FA, MA, and Cs cations, is examined for improving crystallinity and stability. 5. **Wide Bandgap Perovskites**: The paper also covers the development of wide-bandgap perovskites, which are suitable for tandem applications, and the challenges associated with their photo-instability. The review concludes with insights into the state of the art and future research directions, emphasizing the need for further advancements in material science and device engineering to enhance the commercial viability of IPSCs.The review paper "Development on Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells: A Review" by Emmanuel A. Nyiekaa et al. discusses the advancements and challenges in the field of inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs). IPSCs have gained attention due to their stable performance, minimal hysteresis, and low-temperature manufacturing techniques, making them promising for renewable energy applications. The paper highlights the improvements in power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) from 3.8% in 2009 to over 25% after a decade. It details the latest developments in PCEs, including structural configurations, tandem solar cells, mixed cations and halides, film fabrication methods, charge transport material alterations, and additive and interface engineering materials. Key points include: 1. **Perovskite Configurations**: The paper discusses the evolution of perovskite configurations, emphasizing the shift from MAPbI3 to FA-based perovskites due to their superior thermal stability and broader absorption spectrum. 2. **Tandem Solar Cells**: The potential of IPSCs in tandem solar cells is explored, highlighting their ability to achieve efficiencies above 40% when combined with other materials like Cu(In,Ga)Se2 or silicon. 3. **Fabrication Techniques**: Various fabrication techniques such as vacuum deposition, two-step and one-step solution methods, and other scalable approaches are discussed, each with its advantages and challenges. 4. **Mixed-Cation Perovskites**: The use of mixed-cation perovskites, particularly those with FA, MA, and Cs cations, is examined for improving crystallinity and stability. 5. **Wide Bandgap Perovskites**: The paper also covers the development of wide-bandgap perovskites, which are suitable for tandem applications, and the challenges associated with their photo-instability. The review concludes with insights into the state of the art and future research directions, emphasizing the need for further advancements in material science and device engineering to enhance the commercial viability of IPSCs.