Dietary phenolic compounds are beneficial substances with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and other health-promoting properties. They are found in various plant-based foods and have been studied for their potential in preventing diseases and improving overall health. This review discusses the current understanding of dietary phenolic compounds and their applications in various fields, including food industry, cosmetology, and biotechnology. The review also highlights the importance of natural compounds in addressing health and environmental challenges. Phenolic compounds are classified into several groups, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, lignans, stilbenes, and tannins, each with unique biological activities. These compounds are found in a wide range of foods, such as fruits, vegetables, grains, and herbs. Their bioavailability and health benefits are influenced by factors such as food matrix, molecular size, and digestion. Dietary phenolic compounds have potential applications in food packaging, natural colorants, and antimicrobial and antiviral activities. They are also being explored for their role in promoting health and preventing diseases through nutrition. The review emphasizes the need for further research on the effects of polyphenols, their interactions with gut microbiota, and their potential in developing new food products and health strategies. The study also highlights the importance of considering the environmental impact of plant-based diets and the need for sustainable practices in the use of plant resources.Dietary phenolic compounds are beneficial substances with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and other health-promoting properties. They are found in various plant-based foods and have been studied for their potential in preventing diseases and improving overall health. This review discusses the current understanding of dietary phenolic compounds and their applications in various fields, including food industry, cosmetology, and biotechnology. The review also highlights the importance of natural compounds in addressing health and environmental challenges. Phenolic compounds are classified into several groups, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, lignans, stilbenes, and tannins, each with unique biological activities. These compounds are found in a wide range of foods, such as fruits, vegetables, grains, and herbs. Their bioavailability and health benefits are influenced by factors such as food matrix, molecular size, and digestion. Dietary phenolic compounds have potential applications in food packaging, natural colorants, and antimicrobial and antiviral activities. They are also being explored for their role in promoting health and preventing diseases through nutrition. The review emphasizes the need for further research on the effects of polyphenols, their interactions with gut microbiota, and their potential in developing new food products and health strategies. The study also highlights the importance of considering the environmental impact of plant-based diets and the need for sustainable practices in the use of plant resources.