This book presents a collection of research articles on differential and difference equations, focusing on mathematical modeling, oscillation, and applications. It includes 19 high-quality papers that explore theoretical aspects and recent developments in the study of applied problems in science and technology. The special issue brings together mathematicians, physicists, engineers, and other scientists to discuss topics such as oscillation theory, differential/difference equations, partial differential equations, dynamical systems, fractional calculus, delays, and mathematical modeling and oscillations. The articles cover a wide range of applications, including the analysis of oscillatory phenomena in various scientific fields. The book includes detailed studies on the oscillation criteria for differential equations, the numerical solution of partial integro-differential equations, and the stability of systems. The authors provide theoretical results, numerical examples, and convergence analysis to demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed methods. The book is a valuable resource for researchers and students interested in differential and difference equations, mathematical modeling, and their applications.This book presents a collection of research articles on differential and difference equations, focusing on mathematical modeling, oscillation, and applications. It includes 19 high-quality papers that explore theoretical aspects and recent developments in the study of applied problems in science and technology. The special issue brings together mathematicians, physicists, engineers, and other scientists to discuss topics such as oscillation theory, differential/difference equations, partial differential equations, dynamical systems, fractional calculus, delays, and mathematical modeling and oscillations. The articles cover a wide range of applications, including the analysis of oscillatory phenomena in various scientific fields. The book includes detailed studies on the oscillation criteria for differential equations, the numerical solution of partial integro-differential equations, and the stability of systems. The authors provide theoretical results, numerical examples, and convergence analysis to demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed methods. The book is a valuable resource for researchers and students interested in differential and difference equations, mathematical modeling, and their applications.