This study investigates the types and functions of references in Joe Biden's victory speech using Hasan and Halliday's theory of grammatical cohesion. The research aims to understand how references contribute to the clarity and effectiveness of the speech. The study employs content analysis as a descriptive-qualitative method. The data consists of Joe Biden's speech script. According to Halliday and Hasan, there are three types of references: personal, demonstrative, and comparative. Anaphora and cataphora are the two functions of reference. The study found that personal references were the most frequent, followed by demonstrative references, with comparative references being the least frequent. The results showed that 236 instances (60%) were personal references, 152 instances (38.5%) were demonstrative references, and 7 instances (1.5%) were comparative references. The functions of references included 128 instances of anaphora and 70 instances of cataphora. The study concludes that references play a crucial role in creating coherence and clarity in discourse. The findings contribute to the understanding of discourse analysis in the context of speech, providing a reference for creating effective speeches to avoid misunderstandings and ensure information is widely understood.This study investigates the types and functions of references in Joe Biden's victory speech using Hasan and Halliday's theory of grammatical cohesion. The research aims to understand how references contribute to the clarity and effectiveness of the speech. The study employs content analysis as a descriptive-qualitative method. The data consists of Joe Biden's speech script. According to Halliday and Hasan, there are three types of references: personal, demonstrative, and comparative. Anaphora and cataphora are the two functions of reference. The study found that personal references were the most frequent, followed by demonstrative references, with comparative references being the least frequent. The results showed that 236 instances (60%) were personal references, 152 instances (38.5%) were demonstrative references, and 7 instances (1.5%) were comparative references. The functions of references included 128 instances of anaphora and 70 instances of cataphora. The study concludes that references play a crucial role in creating coherence and clarity in discourse. The findings contribute to the understanding of discourse analysis in the context of speech, providing a reference for creating effective speeches to avoid misunderstandings and ensure information is widely understood.