This paper reviews and critiques empirical research on the relationship between perceived discrimination and health, highlighting the persistent racial disparities in health outcomes. The authors argue that racism, particularly perceived discrimination, is a significant stressor affecting health, and they call for more comprehensive and accurate measurement of discrimination, assessment of its stressful dimensions, and identification of mechanisms linking discrimination to health outcomes. Recent studies have documented an inverse association between perceived discrimination and various health outcomes, including mental health, cardiovascular disease, and chronic conditions. However, the literature also shows that the impact of discrimination varies across different contexts and populations, and that the assessment of discrimination needs to be tailored to specific cultural and social contexts. The authors emphasize the importance of capturing both acute and chronic stressors, traumatic experiences, and the intergenerational effects of racism in future research. They also discuss the challenges in measuring discrimination accurately, including recall bias and the need for culturally sensitive assessment tools. Overall, the paper underscores the need for a more nuanced understanding of the complex relationship between perceived discrimination and health, and suggests that future research should focus on these areas to advance our knowledge and inform policy and intervention efforts.This paper reviews and critiques empirical research on the relationship between perceived discrimination and health, highlighting the persistent racial disparities in health outcomes. The authors argue that racism, particularly perceived discrimination, is a significant stressor affecting health, and they call for more comprehensive and accurate measurement of discrimination, assessment of its stressful dimensions, and identification of mechanisms linking discrimination to health outcomes. Recent studies have documented an inverse association between perceived discrimination and various health outcomes, including mental health, cardiovascular disease, and chronic conditions. However, the literature also shows that the impact of discrimination varies across different contexts and populations, and that the assessment of discrimination needs to be tailored to specific cultural and social contexts. The authors emphasize the importance of capturing both acute and chronic stressors, traumatic experiences, and the intergenerational effects of racism in future research. They also discuss the challenges in measuring discrimination accurately, including recall bias and the need for culturally sensitive assessment tools. Overall, the paper underscores the need for a more nuanced understanding of the complex relationship between perceived discrimination and health, and suggests that future research should focus on these areas to advance our knowledge and inform policy and intervention efforts.