This review explores recent advancements in molecular biology techniques for the diagnosis and management of plant viral diseases. It highlights the use of serological techniques, isothermal amplification methods, CRISPR-based approaches, and RNA-based strategies such as RNA interference (RNAi) and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) delivery. The review emphasizes the potential of these methods in reducing pesticide dependency and enhancing crop productivity, while addressing challenges like off-target effects and efficient dsRNA delivery. Despite these challenges, the review underscores the transformative potential of RNA-based strategies in sustainable agriculture. Key topics include the dynamics of plant virus quasispecies, the importance of early detection, and the integration of advanced molecular techniques with serological methods. The review also discusses the application of PCR-based thermal amplification, isothermal amplification assays, and CRISPR-based detection for rapid and accurate plant virus diagnosis. Additionally, it explores the use of microarrays, metagenomics, and high-throughput sequencing in plant viral disease diagnosis and management. The review concludes by discussing the targeted management of plant viruses using RNAi and CRISPR interference, emphasizing their potential for sustainable agriculture and crop protection.This review explores recent advancements in molecular biology techniques for the diagnosis and management of plant viral diseases. It highlights the use of serological techniques, isothermal amplification methods, CRISPR-based approaches, and RNA-based strategies such as RNA interference (RNAi) and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) delivery. The review emphasizes the potential of these methods in reducing pesticide dependency and enhancing crop productivity, while addressing challenges like off-target effects and efficient dsRNA delivery. Despite these challenges, the review underscores the transformative potential of RNA-based strategies in sustainable agriculture. Key topics include the dynamics of plant virus quasispecies, the importance of early detection, and the integration of advanced molecular techniques with serological methods. The review also discusses the application of PCR-based thermal amplification, isothermal amplification assays, and CRISPR-based detection for rapid and accurate plant virus diagnosis. Additionally, it explores the use of microarrays, metagenomics, and high-throughput sequencing in plant viral disease diagnosis and management. The review concludes by discussing the targeted management of plant viruses using RNAi and CRISPR interference, emphasizing their potential for sustainable agriculture and crop protection.