This study investigates the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation on soil carbon sequestration and plant growth through a meta-analysis and logistic regression. The results indicate that AMF inoculation generally increases soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and plant biomass accumulation. Soil sterilization and the addition of unsterilized inoculum washes influence microbial biomass carbon (MBC) but not SOC turnover. Key factors affecting AMF-mediated SOC turnover include plant root system, initial SOC content, and soil pH. Tap-rooted plants benefit more from AMF symbiosis than fibrous-rooted plants, and AMF inoculation in fertile or acidic soils may deplete SOC. The study concludes that AMF inoculation is a promising approach for enhancing soil carbon sequestration, particularly in soils with low SOC content. However, further research is needed to understand the complex interactions between plant-microbe-soil systems.This study investigates the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation on soil carbon sequestration and plant growth through a meta-analysis and logistic regression. The results indicate that AMF inoculation generally increases soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and plant biomass accumulation. Soil sterilization and the addition of unsterilized inoculum washes influence microbial biomass carbon (MBC) but not SOC turnover. Key factors affecting AMF-mediated SOC turnover include plant root system, initial SOC content, and soil pH. Tap-rooted plants benefit more from AMF symbiosis than fibrous-rooted plants, and AMF inoculation in fertile or acidic soils may deplete SOC. The study concludes that AMF inoculation is a promising approach for enhancing soil carbon sequestration, particularly in soils with low SOC content. However, further research is needed to understand the complex interactions between plant-microbe-soil systems.